4-хлоранилин химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
4-Chloroaniline is a colourless to slightly amber-coloured crystalline solid with a mild aromatic odour. It is Soluble in hot water and organic solvents. 4-Chloroaniline has a moderate vapour pressure and n-octanol/ water partition coefficient. It decomposes in the presence of light and air and at elevated temperatures.
Физические свойства
Yellowish-white solid with a mild, sweetish odor. Odor threshold concentration is 287 ppm
(quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).
Использование
4-Chloroaniline is an important raw material in production of agricultural chemicals, azo dyes and pigments, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products. It is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of chromophore AS-LB, as well as in pharmaceutical intermediates such as chlordiazepoxide and phena tincture. It is also an intermediate for the herbicide Anilofos, the insecticide chlorbenzuron and the plant growth regulator Inabenfide.
Подготовка
synthesis of 4-Chloroaniline: p-chloronitrobenzene is used as raw material, Raney nickel is used as catalyst, ethanol is used as solvent, reaction temperature is 50～70°C , hydrogenation pressure is 3.04～3.55MPa, and medium pH=5～6 conditions, carry out Catalytic hydrogenation reaction to obtain 4-Chloroaniline.
прикладной
4-Chloroaniline is an important building block used in the chemical industry for the production of drugs and dyestuffs. Some benzodiazepine drugs use 4-chloroaniline in their manufacture.
Определение
ChEBI: 4-chloroaniline is a chloroaniline in which the chloro atom is para to the aniline amino group. It is a chloroaniline and a member of monochlorobenzenes.
Общее описание
P-chloroaniline appears as a white or pale yellow solid. Melting point 69.5°C.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Insoluble in cold water. Soluble in hot water [Hawley].
Профиль реактивности
4-Chloroaniline is incompatible with oxidizing agents. Also incompatible with acids, acid chlorides, acid anhydrides and chloroformates. Subject to exothermic decomposition during high-temperature distillation. Incompatible with nitrous acid.
Опасность
Toxic by inhalation and ingestion. Possible
carcinogen.
Угроза здоровью
Inhalation or ingestion causes bluish tint to fingernails, lips, and ears indicative of cyanosis; headache, drowsiness, and nausea, followed by unconsciousness. Liquid can be absorbed through skin and cause similar symptoms. Contact with eyes causes irritation.
Пожароопасность
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating and toxic hydrogen chloride and oxides of nitrogen may form in fires.
Профиль безопасности
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental neoplastigenic and
tumorigenic data. Poison by ingestion,
inhalation, sh contact, subcutaneous, and
intravenous routes. A skin and severe eye
irritant. Mutation data reported. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of Cland NOx. See also ANILINE
DYES
Методы очистки
Crystallise the aniline from MeOH, pet ether (b 30-60o), or 50% aqueous EtOH, then *benzene/pet ether (b 60-70o), and then dry it in a vacuum desiccator. It can be distilled under vacuum (b 75-77o/3mm). It sublimes in a very high vacuum. The acetate crystallises from aqueous MeOH (m 178o, 180o) or EtOH or AcOH (m 173-174o) and has b 331.3o/760mm. [Beilstein 12 III 1325, 12 IV 1116.]
4-хлоранилин препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат