1-пентен химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
1-Pentene, C5H10, is a flammable liquid with specific gravity
0.641. It occurs in coal tar and in petroleum cracking
mixtures, and polymerizes on extended periods of storage
(15, 320).
Физические свойства
Clear, colorless, volatile, very flammable liquid with a disagreeable odor. An odor threshold
concentration of 10 ppbv was determined by a triangular odor bag method (Nagata and Takeuchi,
1990).
Использование
1-Pentene is used in the preparation of d-xylitol, l-arabinitol and hydrazones of substituted salicylaldehydes. It is also used as a blending agent for of high-octane gasoline. It reacts with p-toluenesulfinate to yield 1-(2-iodo-pentane-1-sulfonyl)-4-methyl-benzene. It is also involved in Gas Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography analysis.
Методы производства
1-Pentene is prepared from allyl bromide and ethyl magnesium
bromide in ether or in dipropyl ether.
Общее описание
Colorless liquid with an odor of gasoline. Flash point -20°F(Aldrich). Insoluble in water and less dense than water. Hence floats on water. Flammable vapor is produced. Boiling point 86°F.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
1-Pentene may react vigorously with strong oxidizing agents. May react exothermically with reducing agents to release hydrogen gas. May undergo exothermic polymerization reactions in the presence of various catalysts (such as acids) or initiators.
Угроза здоровью
Acts as a simple asphyxiant or weak anesthetic in high vapor concentrations. Similar to effects caused by gasoline vapors.
Пожароопасность
Behavior in Fire: Containers may explode in fire.
Химическая реактивность
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Возможный контакт
Workers in petroleum refineries and petrochemical plants.
Экологическая судьба
Biological. Biooxidation of 1-pentene may occur yielding 4-penten-1-ol, which may oxidize to
give 4-pentenoic acid (Dugan, 1972). Washed cell suspensions of bacteria belonging to the genera
Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Xanthobacter, and Pseudomonas and growing on selected alkenes
metabolized 1-pentene to 1,2-epoxypentane. Mycobacterium sp., growing on ethene, hydrolyzed
1,2-epoxypropane to 1,2-propanediol (Van Ginkel et al., 1987).
Photolytic. The following rate constants were reported for the reaction of 1-pentene and OH
radicals in the atmosphere: 1.8 x 10-13 cm3/molecule?sec at 300 K (Hendry and Kenley, 1979); 3.14
x 10-11 cm3/molecule?sec (Atkinson, 1990). Atkinson (1990) also reported a photooxidation rate
constant of 1.10 x 10-17 cm3/molecule?sec for the reaction of 1-pentene and ozone.
Chemical/Physical. Complete combustion in air yields carbon dioxide and water.
Перевозки
UN1108 1-Pentene, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid
Несовместимости
Vapors may form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Excessive heat may cause polymerization. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides, heat. Incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides; oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides.
Утилизация отходов
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
1-пентен препаратная продукция и сырье
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