4,4'-ジアミノジフェニルメタン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～黄赤色～緑色ペレット
用途
染料、樹脂硬化剤
用途
4,4'-メチレンビス(フェニルイソシアナート)(MDI)?ポリメリックMDIの合成原料、エポキシ樹脂?ポリウレタン樹脂の硬化剤、染料中間体、エポキシ樹脂硬化剤
主な用途／役割
エポキシ樹脂の硬化剤として使用される。
説明
4,4'-Methylenedianiline is an industrial chemical that is not known to occur naturally. It is also commonly known as diaminodiphenylmethane or MDA. It occurs as a colorless to pale yellow solid and has a faint odor. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is used mainly for making polyurethane foams, which have a variety of uses, such as insulating materials in mailing containers. It is also used for making coating materials, glues, Spandex? fiber, dyes, and rubber. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is also a by-product of azo dyes. It is also possibly formed by hydrolysis of diphenylmethane-4A'-diisocyanate.
化学的特性
4,4-Diaminodiphenylmethane is a pale yellow crystalline solid (turns light brown on contact with air) with a faint amine-like odor that is unstable in the presence of light or air and emits toxic fumes of aniline and nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is primarily used in industry as a chemical intermediate in the production of 4,4-methylenedianiline diisocyanates and polyisocyanates, but is also used as a cross-linking agent for the determination of tungsten and sulfates, and as a corrosion inhibitor. Exposure to this substance irritates the skin and eyes and causes liver damage. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen. (NCI05)
使用
4,4'-methylenedianiline be used as organic intermediates. Mainly used for the synthesis of polyimide and as curing agent of epoxy resin.
定義
ChEBI: 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is an aromatic amine that is diphenylmethane substituted at the 4-position of each benzene ring by an amino group. It is primarily used in industry as a chemical intermediate in the production of 4,4-methylenedianiline diisocyanates and polyisocyanates.?
一般的な説明
A tan flake or lump solid with a faint fishlike odor. May be toxic by inhalation or ingestion, and may be irritating to skin. Insoluble in water.
空気と水の反応
Oxidizes slowly in air in a reaction catalyzed by light. Somewhat hygroscopic. Insoluble in water.
反応プロフィール
4,4'-Methylenedianiline polymerizes if heated above 257° F. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. 4,4'-Methylenedianiline is also incompatible with acids. Catalyzes isocyanate-alcohol and epoxide reactions. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
健康ハザード
TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.
火災危険
Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental tumorigenic data. Human
poison by ingestion. Poison by
subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes.
Human systemic effects by ingestion:
rigidity, jaundice, other liver changes. An eye
irritant. Mutation data reported. It is not
rapidly absorbed through the skin.
Combustible when exposed to heat or
flame. When heated to decomposition it
emits highly toxic fumes of aniline and NOx.
職業ばく露
Used as an intermediate and as a curing
agent. Approximately 99% of the DDM produced is con-
sumed in its crude form (occasionally containing not more
than 50% DDM and ply-DDM) at its production site by reac-
tion with phosgene in the preparation of isocyanates and poly-
isocyanates. These isocyanates and polyisocyanates are
employed in the manufacture of rigid polyurethane foams
which find application as thermal insulation. Polyisocyanates
are also used in the preparation of the semiflexible polyure-
thane foams used for automotive safety cushioning. DDM is
also used as: an epoxy hardening agent; a raw material in the
production of polyurethane elastomers; in the rubber industry
as a curative for Neoprene and as an antifrosting agent (anti-
oxidant) in footwear; a raw material in the production of
Quana nylon; and a raw material in the preparation of poly
(amide-imide) resins (used in magnet wire enamels).
発がん性
4,4′-Methylenedianiline and its dihydrochloride salt are reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
環境運命予測
MDA is a pale brown crystalline powder with a faint aminelike
odor. Exposure to air and light results in polymerization and
oxidation of MDA. When heated, MDA produces toxic fumes of
aniline and nitrogen oxides.
Most MDA enters the environment when it is produced or
used to make other compounds. Forty-five percent of the
produced compound is released to deep soil, 52.6% to the air,
and 2.4% to land and water. Once in the environment, it will
be mainly present as tiny particles in the air and it is removed
from the atmosphere by dry deposition, rain, and snow
scavenging. A small amount is transformed by reaction with
hydroxyl radicals. In water, most of MDA will attach to
particles and sediments, and will eventually settle to the
bottom.
The estimated half-life of biodegradation in surface water,
groundwater, and soil is 1–7 days, 2–14 days, and 1–7 days,
respectively. With respect to aquatic ecosystems, bioconcentration
factor values of 3.0–14 suggest that bioconcentration
is low, in addition this compound does not tend
to build up in the food chain. When released to soil, it is
expected to have slight to no mobility. Similarly, volatilization
from both moist and dry soil surfaces is not expected to be
important.
輸送方法
UN2651 4,40
-Diaminodiphenyl methane, Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials.
純化方法
Crystallise the amine from water, 95% EtOH or *benzene. [Beilstein 13 IV 390.]
不和合性
Dust forms and explosive mixture
with air. May polymerize in temperatures .125℃
. A weak
base. Incompatible with strong oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates,
peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine,
fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep
away from alkaline materials, strong acids. Flammable gas-
eous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong
reducing agents, such as hydrides
.
廃棄物の処理
Controlled incineration
(oxides of nitrogen are removed from the effluent gas by
scrubbers and/or thermal devices).
4,4'-ジアミノジフェニルメタン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品