ベンゼトニウムクロリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
白色～ほとんど白色, 結晶性粉末～粉末
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表される4級アンモニウム塩である。
溶解性
水, エタノールに易溶。アセトン, エーテルに不溶。水及びエタノールに溶けやすく、ジエチルエーテルにほとんど溶けない。
用途
殺菌消毒剤。
用途
主たる用途は殺菌消毒薬であるBENZETHONIUM CHLORIDE IS WIDELY USED IN DISINFECTANTS, GERMICIDES, HERBICIDES, BACTERICIDES, TOPICAL ANTIINFECTIVES, AS CATIONIC DETERGENTS, AND PRESERVATIVES. (JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF TOXICOLOGY VOLUME 4, NUMBER 5, 1985)
化粧品の成分用途
防腐剤、分散剤、忌避剤.殺虫剤、抗菌剤、殺菌剤、消臭剤
効能
外用抗感染症薬, 保存剤
商品名
ウイルクリーン (東豊薬品); エンゼトニン (吉田製薬); エンゼトニン (吉田製薬); エンゼトニン (吉田製薬); エンゼトニン (吉田製薬); エンゼトニン (吉田製薬); ネオステリン (日本歯科薬品); ハイアミン (アルフレッサファーマ); ベゼトン (健栄製薬); ベゼトン (健栄製薬); ベゼトン (健栄製薬); ベゼトン (健栄製薬); ベンゼトニウム塩化物 (協和新薬); ラスノン (日本歯科薬品)
化学的特性
Benzethonium chloride occurs as a white crystalline material with a
mild odor and very bitter taste.
使用
Benzethonium Chloride USP is used as germicide for pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. (USP grade of Hyamine(R) 1622 crystals).
調製方法
p-Diisobutylphenol is condensed in the presence of a basic catalyst
with β,β'-dichlorodiethyl ether to yield 2-[2-[4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)
phenoxy]ethoxy]ethyl chloride. Alkaline dimethylamination
then produces the corresponding tertiary amine which, after
purification by distillation, is dissolved in a suitable organic solvent
and treated with benzyl chloride to precipitate benzethonium
chloride.
定義
ChEBI: A (synthetic) quaternary ammonium salt that is benzyldimethylamine in which the nitrogen is quaternised by a 2-{2-[p-(2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yl)phenoxy]ethoxy}ethyl group, with chloride as the counter-ion. An antiseptic and disinfectant, it i
active against a broad spectrum of bacteria, fungi, moulds and viruses.
一般的な説明
Odorless white crystals or powder with a very bitter taste. A 1% solution in water is slightly alkaline to litmus.
空気と水の反応
Hygroscopic. May be sensitive to prolonged exposure to air. Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Benzethonium chloride is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents Incompatible with soap and anionic detergents. Can react with nitrates. Sensitive to light. Acids cause Benzethonium chloride to precipitate from aqueous solutions of >2% concentration. Stable for two weeks at temperatures up to 140 F, .
危険性
An oral poison.
火災危険
Flash point data for Benzethonium chloride are not available. Benzethonium chloride is probably combustible.
応用例（製薬）
Benzethonium chloride is a quaternary ammonium compound used
in pharmaceutical formulations as an antimicrobial preservative.
Typically, it is used for this purpose in injections, ophthalmic and
otic preparations at concentrations 0.01–0.02% w/v. Benzethonium
chloride may also be used as a wetting and solubilizing agent, and as
a topical disinfectant.
In cosmetics such as deodorants, benzethonium chloride may be
used as an antimicrobial preservative in concentrations up to 0.5%
w/v.
The physical properties and applications of benzethonium
chloride are similar to those of other cationic surfactants such as
cetrimide.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,subcutaneous, intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes. Asevere eye irritant. Questionable carcinogen withexperimental neoplastigenic data. Mutation data reported.When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumesof Cl
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安全性
Benzethonium chloride is readily absorbed and is generally
regarded as a toxic substance when administered orally. Ingestion
may cause vomiting, collapse, convulsions, and coma. The probable
lethal human oral dose is estimated to be 50–500 mg/kg bodyweight.
The topical use of solutions containing greater than 5% w/v
benzethonium chloride can cause irritation although benzethonium
chloride is not regarded as a sensitizer. The use of 0.5% w/v
benzethonium chloride in cosmetics is associated with few adverse
effects. A maximum concentration of 0.02% w/v benzethonium
chloride is recommended for use in cosmetics used in the eye area
and this is also the maximum concentration generally used in
pharmaceutical formulations such as injections and ophthalmic
preparations.
See also Benzalkonium Chloride.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 15.5 mg/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 30 mg/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 338 mg/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 16.5 mg/kg
LD50 (rat, IV): 19 mg/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 368 mg/kg
LD50 (rat, SC): 119 mg/kg
貯蔵
Benzethonium chloride is stable. Aqueous solutions may be
sterilized by autoclaving.
The bulk material should be stored in an airtight container
protected from light, in a cool, dry place.
純化方法
Crystallise it from boiling acetone after filtering or from CHCl3/pet ether. The precipitate is filtered off, washed with diethyl ether and dried for 24hours in a vacuum desiccator. It is a cationic antiseptic surfactant which forms crystals also from a 1:9 MeOH/Et2O mixture. It foams in water. [Beilstein 12 IV 2187.]
不和合性
Benzethonium chloride is incompatible with soaps and other
anionic surfactants and may be precipitated from solutions greater
than 2% w/v concentration by the addition of mineral acids and
some salt solutions.
規制状況(Regulatory Status)
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (IM and IV
injections; nasal, ophthalmic and otic preparations). Included in the
Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.
ベンゼトニウムクロリド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品