硫酸ジエチル 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液体
溶解性
水に微溶 (0.7g/100ml)。エタノール及びアセトンに溶け、水にほとんど溶けない。
用途
強力なエチル化剤で染料、医薬品、農薬、ファインケミカル工業で広範な用途がある 第4級アンモニウム塩化合物合成剤
用途
染料、医薬品、農薬、合成剤
用途
強力なエチル化剤、染料医薬農薬等の用途
化学的特性
Diethyl sulfate is a colorless, oily liquid with a faint peppermint- like odor, which darkens with age (Budavari, 1996). It is miscible with alcohol and ether (O'Neil, 2006). At higher temperatures, DES rapidly decomposes into monoethyl sulfate and alcohol (NTP, 2011).
主な応用
Diethyl sulfate can be used as a reactant for the synthesis of:
Biologically active compounds such as bispyrazole, pyrazolopyrimidine and pyridine containing antipyrinyl moieties.
N-substituted-2-styryl-4(3H)-quinazolinones.
Ionic liquids with pyrrolidinium, piperidinium and morpholinium cations, having potential applications as electrolytes.
It can also be used as an alkylating agent to synthesize 1-alkyl/aralkyl-2-(1-arylsufonylalkyl)benzimidazoles and an ionic liquid ethylmethylimidazole ethylsulfate ([EMIM][EtSO4].
使用
The primary use of diethyl sulfate is as a chemical intermediate (ethylating agent) in synthesis of ethyl derivatives of phenols, amines, and thiols; as an accelerator in the sulfation of ethylene; and in some sulfonation processes. It is used to manufacture dyes, pigments, carbonless paper, and textiles. It is an intermediate in the indirect hydration (strong acid) process for the preparation of synthetic ethanol from ethylene. Smaller quantities are used in household products, cosmetics, agricultural chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and laboratory reagents (IARC 1992, 1999, HSDB 2009). In 1966, it was used as a mutagen to create the Luther variety of barley (IARC 1974).
製造方法
Diethyl sulfate is produced from ethanol and sulfuric acid, from ethylene and sulfuric acid, or from diethyl ether and fuming sulfuric acid (Budavari, 1996).
定義
ChEBI: Diethyl sulfate is the diethyl ester of sulfuric acid. It has a role as a carcinogenic agent, an apoptosis inducer, an alkylating agent and a mutagen.
一般的な説明
Diethyl sulfate appears as a clear colorless liquid with a peppermint odor. Burns, though may be difficult to ignite. Corrosive to metals and tissue. It is a potent alkylating agent.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Slowly reacts with water to form ethyl alcohol, a flammable liquid, and ethyl sulfate, with eventual conversion to sulfuric acid.
反応プロフィール
The presence of moisture in a metal container of Diethyl sulfate caused the formation of sulfuric acid which reacts with the metal to release hydrogen which pressurized and exploded the container [Chem. Abst. 28:2908(1934)].
健康ハザード
May be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Inhalation causes nausea and vomiting. Causes burns to skin and eyes. Ingestion may cause nausea, vomiting abdominal pain and collapse.
安全性プロファイル
Confirmed carcinogen
with experimental carcinogenic and
tumorigenic data. Poison by inhalation and
subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by
ingestion and sktn contact. A severe skin
irritant. An experimental teratogen.
Mutation data reported. Combustible when
exposed to heat or flame; can react with
oxidzing materials. Moisture causes
liberation of H2SO4. Violent reaction with
potassium tert-butoxide. Reacts violently
with 3,8-dnitro-6-phenylphenanthridine +
water. Reaction with iron + water forms
explosive hydrogen gas. To fight fire, use
alcohol foam, H2O foam, CO2, dry
chemicals. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of SOx. See also SULFATES.
発がん性
Diethyl sulfate is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
純化方法
Wash the ester with aqueous 3% Na2CO3 (to remove acidic material), then distilled water, dry (CaCl2), filter and distil it in a vacuum. It is an ethylating agent and blisters the skin. [Beilstein 1 IV 1236.]
硫酸ジエチル 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品