실란

실란 속성

실란 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Silane is a colorless, spontaneously flammable (pyrophoric) gas. It has a choking odor and may form explosive mixtures with air. Silane will react violently with heavy metal halides and free halogens other than hydrogen chloride.

화학적 성질

Silicon tetrahydride is a highly toxic gas with a repulsive odor. It is spontaneously flammable in air. Trichlorosilane has an acrid odor, fumes in air and supports combustion. It is a lachrymator and is moisture sensitive. Octamethyl tetrasilane is moisture sensitive.

용도

Source of hyperpure silicon for semiconductors.

제조 방법

암모늄 규소화합물(aluminum silicide)과 염산(hydrochloric acid)로부터 제조되거나 양극으로서 알루미늄 실리콘 합금을 사용하여 나트륨, 암모늄, 망간(manganese), 또는 염화제1철(ferrous chloride)의 수용액의 전기분해에 의함; 마그네슘 규소화합물(magnesium silicide)과 염산(HCl)으로부터; 아연 규소화합물(zinc silicide)과 산으로부터; 리튬 규소화합물(lithium silicide)과 산으로부터; 마그네슘 규소화합물(magnesium silicide)과 액체 암모니아에서 암모늄 브로마이드 또는 염화물로부터; 에테르와 사염화규소(silicon tetrachloride)의 리튬 알루미늄 하이드라이드로부터; 실리카 겔, 알루미늄 산화물과 수소로부터; 사염화규소(silicon tetrachloride)와 나트륨 알루미늄 수소화물로부터 제조됨 실레인은 사염화규소(silicon tetrachloride)의 에테르 용액을 리튬 알루미늄 하이드라이드의 에테르 용액과 결합함으로써 생산됨 MPa (400 atm) 초과의 압력에서, 알루미늄 및 할로겐화 알루미늄(aluminum halides)의 존재에서 실리카는 수소와 반응함으로써 높은 수득율에서 실레인으로 전환될 수 있음

정의

ChEBI: The simplest silane, consisting of a single silicon atom carrying four hydrogens.

일반 설명

Silicon tetrahydride is a colorless, flammable and poisonous gas, with a strong repulsive odor. Silicon tetrahydride is easily ignited in air, reacts with oxidizing agents, is very toxic by inhalation, and is a strong irritant to skin, eyes and mucous membranes. Silicon tetrahydride is lighter than air. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. Silicon tetrahydride is used in the production of amorphous silicon.

공기와 물의 반응

Highly flammable. Pure state ignites in air, the first seven to eight of the series 6H2n+1 ignite spontaneously in air at room temperature or slightly elevated temperatures [Mellor 1:376 1946-47]. Slowly reacts with water to form silicon hydroxides and hydrogen gas.

반응 프로필

Slowly reacts with water to form silicon hydroxides and hydrogen gas [Hydrides of the Elements of Main Groups I - IV 1971 p.513]. Silicon tetrahydride burns in contact with bromine, chlorine or covalent chlorides (carbonyl chloride, antimony pentachloride, tin(IV) chloride). Even traces of the free halogens may cause violent explosions, when handling Silicon tetrahydride, extreme caution should be taken, [Mellor, 1940, Vol. 6, 220]. Mixtures of Silicon tetrahydride and nitrogen oxides, nitrous oxide, detonate very easily, [Chem. Abs., 1990, 112, 121711].

위험도

Dangerous fire risk, ignites spontaneously in air. Strong irritant to tissue, skin and upper res- piratory tract.

건강위험

Vapors may cause dizziness or asphyxiation without warning. Some may be toxic if inhaled at high concentrations. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases.

화재위험

EXTREMELY FLAMMABLE. Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Will form explosive mixtures with air. Silicon tetrahydride will ignite spontaneously in air. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release flammable gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

색상 색인 번호

Various silane derivatives are used as bonding agents between glass and the resin used as a coating agent of glass filaments. Organosilanes have been implicated as sensitizers in workers at a glass filament manufactory.

Materials Uses

Piping and equipment for silane service may be of steel or stainless steel construction. Piping and equipment must be designed to withstand the pressures involved. Extreme care must be taken to avoid the contact ofsilane with materials containing heavy-metal halides or free halogens. Silane will react violently or explosively with these compounds.
Silane systems should be purged of air to prevent silane ignition and contamination with silicon dioxide. All systems to handle silane should be designed with the following factors in mind:
Prevention of leakage, both in and out, under vacuum and pressure
Minimum necessary internal volume
Elimination of dead spaces
Isolation ofsystem components in case of a leak, rupture, or other failure
Ability to easily evacuate and purge the system and components with inert gas
That silane should never be purged through a vacuum pump
The use offittings preferably ofthe welded face seal gasketed type to minimize the likelihood ofleaks
Use of diaphragm packless valves with resilient seats such as Kel-F
The removal of backplates from gauges and rotometers where gases may collect upon leakage to allow pressure venting away from personnel if an explosion takes place
The use ofmetal diaphragm regulators to minimize air diffusion leakage Consideration ofthe use offlow restrictions in cylinder valves.

Safety Profile

Mildly toxic by inhalation. Silanes are irritating to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Easily ipted in air. Explosive reaction or ignition on contact with halogens or covalent halides (e.g., bromine, chlorine, carbonyl chloride, antimony pentachloride, tin(Iv> chloride). Ignites in oxygen. Can react with oxidizers. It may self-explode. When heated to decomposition it burns or explodes.

잠재적 노출

Silane is used as a doping agent for solid-state devices; as a source of silicon for semiconductors; and in the production of amorphous silicon.

환경귀착

Silane is a colorless transparent gas, heavier than air. It is odorless when greatly diluted, but extremely noxious when concentrated, with a sharp, repulsive smell, somewhat similar to that of acetic acid. Its silicon–hydrogen bond is much weaker, and accordingly more reactive, than a carbon– hydrogen single bond. It is not only inflammable in air at concentrations between 1% and 96% v/v, producing particulate silicon oxides and hydrogen gas, but is pyrophoric. Above 420°C silane decomposes, releasing hydrogen and depositing high-purity silicon, which leads to some of its principal applications. It also reacts avidly with oxidants; for example, contact with even trace amounts of free halogens may cause violent explosions. It is insoluble in water, and does not react with water under normal conditions, but in the presence of even minute traces of hydroxyl ion reacts to evolve hydrogen gas and form corrosive silicic acid or hydrated silicon dioxide. The reaction with water is further accelerated by organic or inorganic bases. Silane is fully biodegradable, and will not bioaccumulate.

운송 방법

UN2203 Silane, Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.

비 호환성

An extremely flammable gas. Forms explosive mixture with air; may spontaneously ignite in air. A strong reducing agent. Reacts slowly with water forming silicon hydroxides and flammable hydrogen gas. Reacts with oxidizing agents; halogens , potassium hydroxide solution. Explodes in oxygen. Decomposes on heating or on burning producing silicon and hydrogen.

폐기물 처리

Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Dispose by controlled burning or seal cylinders and return to suppliers.

실란 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

실란 공급 업체

공급자	전화	이메일	국가	제품 수	이점
Guangzhou Yuejia Gas Co., Ltd	400-6377517 19876107228	linfeng@yigas.cn	China	39	58
Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.	4006356688 18621169109	market03@meryer.com	China	40202	62
Chizhou Kailong Import and Export Trade Co., Ltd.		xg01_gj@163.com	China	9413	50
Zhengzhou KeYulong chemical products Co., Ltd	17319789407 17319789407	Keyulongchem@163.com	China	1999	55
Shanghai wechem chemical co., ltd	18824865657	2684615189@qq.com	China	432	58
Henan Jiuhua Biological Technology Co., Ltd.	15738884691 153248764872949584887 237654463	jiuhuabiochem@163.com	China	2742	58
Zibo Zeno Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd.	0533-8800999 13515338377	zenuoyiyao@163.com	China	55	58
Wuhan NewRadar Special Gas Co., Ltd.	027-82652715 18986267605;	2850590615@qq.com	China	164	58
Hunan chemfish Scientific co.,ltd	85567275 18932438858	sales06@chemfish.com	China	5002	58
SHANDONG ZHI SHANG CHEMICAL CO.LTD	0531-68652808 18953170293	sales@sdzschem.com	China	2921	58

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