Saccharides

Saccharides are organic compounds composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen three elements. From the chemical structure, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes, ketones or their polymers. Sugar widely present in the plant kingdom and it is a major component of plant material which plays an important role in physiological and biochemical processes in plants. According to the structure, saccharides can be divided into simple sugars (including glucose, fructose, and galactose), disaccharides (including sucrose, maltose, and lactose etc.) and polysaccharides (including starch, liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, etc.). Monosaccharides are simplest carbohydrates, a polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones which can not be hydrolyzed any more. They are commonly called aldoses and ketoses. For instance, glucose is an aldohexose, fructose is a ketohexose, and ribose is an aldopentose. The number of carbon atoms in the monosaccharide is no more than 10. Naturally occurring monosaccharides are 5 to 6 carbon atoms. Disaccharide is a combination of two monosaccharide molecules by removal of a molecule of H2O. The polysaccharide is made up of hundreds or even thousands of glucose molecules. After complete hydrolysis of polysaccharides, thousands of monosaccharide molecules such as starch cellulose and the like is emerging. Saccharide compounds closely related to human life. sugar is the main source of human energy. Saccharide is also closely related with drugs. For example, the patient needs glucose injection, dextran for plasma preparations;  production of tablets commonly used starch as excipients; saccharides contained in some traditional Chinese medicine has a physiological activity, such as Poria Charges carbohydrate on mice sarcoma S100 which have a strong inhibition PUPS ; lentinan also strong inhibition of tumor.

Saccharides are the major products of photosynthesis of green plants, a major source of energy needed to maintain the life of animals and plants, an indispensable diet for human and animal. Saccharides are also important raw materials on the industry, and they are used in the construction paper pharmaceutical and food sectors. Processing them directly and indirectly can meet the needs of basic necessities of human and other aspects. Recent studies of carbohydrates in two directions:
① carbohydrate chemists dedicated to synthetic compounds, primarily for long-term plans for social development to make human food possible to gradually get rid of dependence on agriculture. This synthetic task is to seek ways to change the current situation of natural photosynthesis in plants alone and to be economically viable.
② To study the relationship of saccharide and life is because proteins, nucleic acids often inseparable from sugar in the body. The mystery carbohydrate compound in the living body will be uncovered.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
METHYL 2,3-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSE METHYL 2,3-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-L-RHAMNOPYRANOSE 14133-63-2 C10H18O5
ALLYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE ALLYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 54400-77-0 C11H19NO6
2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 2-NAPHTHYL-ALPHA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 63503-05-9 C16H18O5
4-AMINOPHENYL-BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 4-AMINOPHENYL-BETA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 69936-58-9 C12H17NO5
OCTYL-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE OCTYL-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 54549-23-4 C14H28O6
1,2:5,6-DI-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-RIBO-3-HEXOFURANOSE-3-ULOSE MONOHYDRATE 1,2:5,6-DI-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-RIBO-3-HEXOFURANOSE-3-ULOSE MONOHYDRATE 10578-85-5 C12H20O7
DI-BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYLAMINE DI-BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYLAMINE 62983-70-4 C10H19NO8
4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-GLUCOPYRANOSE 30688-66-5 C13H16O6
2 3 4 6-TETRA-O-BENZYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYR& 2 3 4 6-TETRA-O-BENZYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOPYR& 74808-09-6 C36H36Cl3NO6
P-NITROPHENYL 1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL 1-THIO-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 1230-27-9 C12H15NO7S
FDG FDG 17817-20-8 C32H32O15
ACETOBROMO-ALPHA-MALTOSE ACETOBROMO-ALPHA-MALTOSE 14257-35-3 C26H35BrO17
4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT 4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-GLUCURONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT 89772-41-8 C12H14NNaO9
ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE-1-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT TETRAHYDRATE ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE-1-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT TETRAHYDRATE 150399-99-8 C6H19Na2O13P
1-OXODODECYL-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 1-OXODODECYL-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 60415-67-0 C18H34O7
TETRACYCLINE 10-O-B-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE TETRACYCLINE 10-O-B-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 319426-63-6 C28H34N2O13
1,3:4,6-DI-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-MANNITOL 1,3:4,6-DI-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-MANNITOL 28224-73-9 C20H22O6
AMYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE AMYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 94483-64-4 C13H25NO6
TRANS-3'-HYDROXYCOTININE-O-B-D-GLUCURONIDE TRANS-3'-HYDROXYCOTININE-O-B-D-GLUCURONIDE 132929-88-5 C16H20N2O8
4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 1154-94-5 C12H15NO7
1-BROMO-2,3,4,6-TETRA-ACETYL-BETA-D-GALACTOSIDE 1-BROMO-2,3,4,6-TETRA-ACETYL-BETA-D-GALACTOSIDE 19285-38-2 C14H19BrO9
2'-METHYLPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 2'-METHYLPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 263746-45-8 C15H21NO6
4-Methylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-b-D-glucopyranoside 4-Methylphenyl 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-1-thio-b-D-glucopyranoside 28244-94-2 C21H26O9S
4-Methylumbelliferyla-L-idopyranoside 4-Methylumbelliferyla-L-idopyranoside 66901-41-5 C16H18O8
4-NITROPHENYL-ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDE 4-NITROPHENYL-ALPHA-L-ARABINOFURANOSIDE 6892-58-6 C11H13NO7
1,2,3,4,6-PENTA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 1,2,3,4,6-PENTA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 4163-59-1 C16H22O11
GALACTAN GALACTAN 39300-87-3 C18H30O16X2
2-CHLORO-4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE 2-CHLORO-4-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-CELLOBIOSIDE 135743-28-1 C18H24ClNO13
4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-GALACTOSE 4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-GALACTOSE 3006-41-5 C13H16O6
3-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 3-NITROPHENYL-BETA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 3150-25-2 C12H15NO8
2-(1'-Imidazoylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-ribofuranose 2-(1'-Imidazoylsulfonyl)-1,3,5-tri-O-benzoyl-alpha-D-ribofuranose 97614-42-1 C29H24N2O10S
(+)-2,3-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-THREITOL (+)-2,3-O-BENZYLIDENE-D-THREITOL 58383-35-0 C11H14O4
1,4-ANHYDRO-D-GLUCITOL 1,4-ANHYDRO-D-GLUCITOL 27299-12-3 C6H12O5
FLUOROPENTACHLOROACETONE FLUOROPENTACHLOROACETONE 2378-08-7 C3Cl5FO
3'-SIALYLLACTOSE 3'-SIALYLLACTOSE 35890-38-1 C23H39NO19
PHENYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINIDE PHENYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSAMINIDE 5574-80-1 C14H19NO6
1-DEOXY-1-NITRO-D-IDITOL HEMIHYDRATE 1-DEOXY-1-NITRO-D-IDITOL HEMIHYDRATE 96613-89-7 C6H13NO7
1,2,3,4,6-PENTA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSE 1,2,3,4,6-PENTA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSE 4163-65-9 C16H22O11
(2'-METHOXYCARBONYL) PHENYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE (2'-METHOXYCARBONYL) PHENYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 6835-61-6 C22H27NO11
TERT-AMYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE TERT-AMYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 262849-66-1 C13H25NO6
2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-1-AZIDO-1-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSYL CYANIDE 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-1-AZIDO-1-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSYL CYANIDE 168567-90-6 C15H19N4O8
NONYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE NONYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 173725-28-5 C17H33NO6
TETRADECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE TETRADECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 173725-25-2 C28H49NO9
2,3,4-Tri-O-benzoyl-L-fucopyranose 2,3,4-Tri-O-benzoyl-L-fucopyranose 485821-70-3 C27H24O8
Allyl 3-O-benzyl-2-O-chloroacetyl-a-L-rhamnopyranoside Allyl 3-O-benzyl-2-O-chloroacetyl-a-L-rhamnopyranoside 943307-50-4 C18H23ClO6
Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-galactopyranoside Methyl 4,6-O-benzylidene-a-D-galactopyranoside 72904-85-9 C14H18O6
2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL ISOTHIOCYANATE 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL ISOTHIOCYANATE 20590-45-8 C15H20N2O8S
BENZYL 4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE BENZYL 4,6-O-BENZYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSIDE 40983-94-6 C20H22O6
1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 1,3,4,6-Tetra-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose 69515-91-9 C14H20O9
1,6-Anhydro-b-D-cellobiose 1,6-Anhydro-b-D-cellobiose 35405-71-1 C12H20O10
2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-3-O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-b-D-glucopyranosyl)-D-galactopyranose 95673-98-6 C16H28N2O11
3-Chloro-3-deoxy-D-glucose 3-Chloro-3-deoxy-D-glucose 22933-89-7 C6H11ClO5
4-Nitrophenyl6-O-trityl-a-D-glucopyranoside 4-Nitrophenyl6-O-trityl-a-D-glucopyranoside 655246-35-8 C31H29NO8
Methyl3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside Methyl3,4,6-tri-O-acetyl-2-deoxy-2-phthalimido-b-D-glucopyranoside 76101-13-8 C21H23NO10
2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose 2-Deoxy-2-fluoro-D-mannose 38440-79-8 C6H11FO5
6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GALACTOSAMINIDE 6-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-N-ACETYL-BETA-D-GALACTOSAMINIDE 501432-61-7 C16H19ClN2O6
UDP-ALPHA-D-GALACTOSE DISODIUM SALT UDP-ALPHA-D-GALACTOSE DISODIUM SALT 137868-52-1 C15H25N2NaO17P2
BENZYL N-ACETYL-4,6-O-BENZYLIDENEMURAMIC ACID BENZYL N-ACETYL-4,6-O-BENZYLIDENEMURAMIC ACID 74842-55-0 C25H29NO8
BENZYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE BENZYL-2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 3554-93-6 C15H21NO6
2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-6-O-(β-D-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranosyl)-α-D-galactopyranose 2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-6-O-(β-D-2-acetamido-2-deoxyglucopyranosyl)-α-D-galactopyranose 452316-31-3 C16H28N2O11
2-CHLORO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE 2-CHLORO-2-DEOXY-D-GLUCOSE 14685-79-1 C6H11ClO5
D-GLUCOSAMINE-2,3-DISULFATE, DISODIUM SALT D-GLUCOSAMINE-2,3-DISULFATE, DISODIUM SALT 112898-34-7 C6H11NNa2O11S2
D-(-)-THREOSE D-(-)-THREOSE 95-43-2 C4H8O4
Methyl-2-deoxy-L-erythro-pentofuranose Methyl-2-deoxy-L-erythro-pentofuranose 446251-73-6 C6H12O4
6-TRITYL-1,2,3,4-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE 6-TRITYL-1,2,3,4-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-GLUCOSE 37074-90-1 C33H34O10
D-THREITOL D-THREITOL 2418-52-2 C4H10O4
1-DEOXY-1-NITRO-L-IDITOL HEMIHYDRATE 1-DEOXY-1-NITRO-L-IDITOL HEMIHYDRATE 105499-37-4 C6H13NO7
BETA-D-GLUCOSE PENTAACETATE BETA-D-GLUCOSE PENTAACETATE 83-87-4 C16H22O11
D-RIBOSE 1-PHOSPHATE, BISCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM SALT D-RIBOSE 1-PHOSPHATE, BISCYCLOHEXYLAMMONIUM SALT 58459-37-3 C17H37N2O8P
2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSYL BROMIDE 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-MANNOPYRANOSYL BROMIDE 13242-53-0 C14H19BrO9
ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-A-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE ETHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-A-D-THIOGLUCOPYRANOSIDE 41670-79-5 C16H24O9S
2,3,4-TRI-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYL AZIDE 2,3,4-TRI-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-XYLOPYRANOSYL AZIDE 53784-33-1 C11H15N3O7
L-(+)-ARABINOSE L-(+)-ARABINOSE 7296-56-2 C5H10O5
P-NITROPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE P-NITROPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSIDE 50645-66-4 C14H18N2O8
2-O-(A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL)-D-GALACTOSE 2-O-(A-D-GLUCOPYRANOSYL)-D-GALACTOSE 7368-73-2 C12H22O11
1,2-O-CYCLOHEXYLIDENE-3-O-METHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOFURANOSE 1,2-O-CYCLOHEXYLIDENE-3-O-METHYL-ALPHA-D-GLUCOFURANOSE 13322-87-7 C13H22O6
D-ARABINOSE 5-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT D-ARABINOSE 5-PHOSPHATE DISODIUM SALT 89927-09-3 C5H9Na2O8P
5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 5-BROMO-4-CHLORO-3-INDOXYL-ALPHA-L-FUCOPYRANOSIDE 171869-92-4 C14H15BrClNO5
N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE HEPTAACETATE 98 N-ACETYLLACTOSAMINE HEPTAACETATE 98 36954-63-9 C28H39NO18
3-AZIDO-2 3-DIDEOXY-1-O-(T-BUTYLDIMETHY& 3-AZIDO-2 3-DIDEOXY-1-O-(T-BUTYLDIMETHY& 189454-43-1 C12H25N3O4Si
UNDECYL MALTOSIDE (HIGH ALPHA) UNDECYL MALTOSIDE (HIGH ALPHA) 168037-13-6 C23H44O11
NONYL THIOGLUCOSIDE NONYL THIOGLUCOSIDE 98854-15-0 C15H30O5S
CAROB GALACTOMANNAN CAROB GALACTOMANNAN 11078-30-1
D-(+)-XYLOSE D-(+)-XYLOSE 41247-05-6 C5H10O5
ALLOSE ALLOSE 39392-62-6 C6H12O6
D-MANNOHEPTULOSE D-MANNOHEPTULOSE 3615-44-9 C7H14O7
METHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-THIOGALACTOPYRANOSIDE METHYL 2,3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-BETA-D-THIOGALACTOPYRANOSIDE 55722-48-0 C15H22O9S
NONYL-2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE NONYL-2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 173725-23-0 C23H39NO9
OCTADECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE OCTADECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 135198-09-3 C32H57NO9
L-RHAMNOSE DIETHYLMERCAPTAL L-RHAMNOSE DIETHYLMERCAPTAL 6748-70-5 C10H22O4S2
4'-CHLOROPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 4'-CHLOROPHENYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TETRA-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 50729-97-0 C20H24ClNO9
DECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE DECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 147025-05-6 C18H35NO6
DECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE DECYL 2-ACETAMIDO-3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-2-DEOXY-BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 135198-04-8 C24H41NO9
Ethyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-1-thio-a-L-rhamnopyranoside Ethyl 2,3-O-isopropylidene-1-thio-a-L-rhamnopyranoside 145124-97-6 C11H20O4S
Sulglycotide Sulglycotide 54182-59-1
4-AMINOPHENYL-BETA-D-THIOMANNOPYRANOSIDE 4-AMINOPHENYL-BETA-D-THIOMANNOPYRANOSIDE 129970-93-0 C12H17NO5S
6-AMINO-6-DEOXY-1,2-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-GLUCOFURANOSE HYDROCHLORIDE 6-AMINO-6-DEOXY-1,2-O-ISOPROPYLIDENE-ALPHA-D-GLUCOFURANOSE HYDROCHLORIDE 24384-87-0 C9H17NO5
1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-beta-D-ribofuranose 1-O-Acetyl-2,3,5-tri-O-(4-chlorobenzoyl)-beta-D-ribofuranose 144084-01-5 C28H21Cl3O9
3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 1,2-(METHYL ORTHOACETATE) 3,4,6-TRI-O-ACETYL-ALPHA-D-GALACTOPYRANOSE 1,2-(METHYL ORTHOACETATE) 3254-16-8 C15H22O10
P-AMINOPHENYL BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE P-AMINOPHENYL BETA-D-GLUCOPYRANOSIDE 20818-25-1 C12H17NO6
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