Фуросемид химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Furosemide (Item No. 26298) is an analytical reference standard categorized as a diuretic. Formulations containing diuretics, including furosemide, have been misused in sports for weight reduction and as masking agents in humans and to prevent exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage in racehorses. This product is intended for use in analytical forensic applications. This product is also available as a general research tool .
Химические свойства
white to light yellow crystal powde
Использование
Furosemide inhibits ion co-transport in the kidney. Furosemide is used as a diuretic.
Определение
A benzoic-sulfonamide-furan. It is a diuretic with
fast onset and short duration and anti-hypertensive
agent.
Общее описание
Odorless white to slightly yellow crystalline powder. A diuretic drug. Almost tasteless.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Light sensitive. Air sensitive. Slightly soluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
Furosemide may undergo hydrolysis at sufficiently low pH. The pH of aqueous solutions should be maintained in the basic range to prevent hydrolysis. Alcohol has been shown to improve the stability of Furosemide. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents .
Опасность
Poison; moderately toxic; teratogen; questionable carcinogen; mutagen.
Пожароопасность
Flash point data for Furosemide are not available; however, Furosemide is probably combustible.
Биологическая активность
Loop diuretic that inhibits the Na + /2Cl - /K + (NKCC) cotransporter. Also acts as a non-competitive antagonist at GABA A receptors with ~ 100-fold greater selectivity for α 6-containing receptors than α 1-containing receptors.
Механизм действия
Furosemide is a highly effective and quick-acting diuretic whose action, like all of the
examined loop diuretics, is associated with blocking reabsorption of ions in the ascending
bend of Henle’s loop. It is used for edema syndrome of various origins, edema of the lungs
and brain, chronic renal insufficiency, some forms of hypertonic crises, and poisoning by
barbiturates and other compounds excreted mainly with urine.
Клиническое использование
Furosemide has a saluretic effect 8- to 10-fold that of the thiazide diuretics; however, it has a shorter duration of action (~6–8 hours). Furosemide causes a marked
excretion of sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and bicarbonate ions, with as much as 25% of the filtered load of sodium excreted in response to initial
treatment. It is effective for the treatment of edemas connected with cardiac, hepatic, and renal sites. Because it lowers the blood pressure similar to the thiazide
derivatives, one of its uses is in the treatment of hypertension.
Побочные эффекты
Clinical toxicity of furosemide and other loop diuretics primarily involves abnormalities of fluid and electrolyte balance. As with the thiazide diuretics, hypokalemia is an
important adverse effect that can be prevented or treated with potassium supplements or coadministration of potassium-sparing diuretics. Increased calcium ion excretion
can be a problem for postmenopausal osteopenic women, and furosemide generally should not be used in these individuals. Hyperuricemia, glucose intolerance,
increased serum lipid levels, ototoxicity, and gastrointestinal side effects might be observed as well. Hypersensitivity reactions also are possible with furosemide (a
sulfonamide-based drug), and cross-reactivity with other sulfonamide containing drugs is possible.
Профиль безопасности
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Human systemic
effects by intravenous route: change in the
sensitivity of the ear to sound, tinnitus,
unspecified effects on the heart, constriction
of the arteries, a decrease in urine volume,
interstitial nephritis, metabolic alkalosis,
pulse rate decrease, fall in blood pressure.
Ingestion can damage the liver.
Experimental teratogenic and reproductive
effects. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic effects. Human
mutation data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
Cl-, NOx, and SOx.
Фуросемид препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат