4-Хлор-3 ,5-диметилфенола химические свойства, назначение, производство
Химические свойства
4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is white or cream crystalline powder with a characteristic odour
Использование
4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is an antiseptic and germicide. Chloroxylenol is used for mildew prevention. Chloroxylenol is also an antibacterial; antiseptic (topical and urinary).
Методы производства
Chloroxylenol is prepared by treating 3,5-dimethylphenol with chlorine or sulfuryl chloride (SO2Cl2).
Общее описание
The degradation of 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol (PCMX) by Fenton-like process using nanoparticulate zero-valent iron (nZVI) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was studied.
Фармацевтические приложения
4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is a common constituent of many proprietary disinfectants used for skin and wound disinfection.
As a pharmaceutical excipient, 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is commonly used in low concentrations as an antimicrobial preservative in topical formulations such as creams and ointments. 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is also used in a number of cosmetic formulations.
Therapeutically, 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol has been investigated as a treatment for acne vulgaris, for treating infected root canals, and as an antifungal agent when impregnated into medical devices. 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol is included in drug products approved for topical antifungal, topical acne and topical dandruff/seborrheic dermatitis/psoriasis treatments.
Сельскохозяйственное использование
Microbiocide: 4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol was first registered in the U.S. for use as a fungicide and is now applied as an antimicrobial for control of bacteria, algae and fungi in adhesives, emulsions, paints and wash tanks. It is registered for use in household and domestic dwellings, laundry equipment, bathrooms, diaper pails and in industrial water and aqueous systems. Not listed for use in EU countries. Registered for use in the U.S. There are 64 global suppliers.
Торговое название
BAR-FUNGAL PLUS®[C]; BIO SLIME®[C]; DESSON®; DETTOL®; ECOTRU®; ESPADOL®; HUSEPT®; HUSEPT EXTRA®; NIPACIDE®; OTTASEPT®[C]; OTTASEPT® EXTRA[C]; PCMX; RBA 777®
Клиническое использование
p-Chloro-m-xylenol (PC-MX; Metasep) is a nonirritating antiseptic agent with broad-spectrum antibacterial and antifungal properties. It is marketed in a 2% concentration as a shampoo. It has also been used topically for the treatment of tinea (ringworm) infections such as athlete s foot (tinea pedis) and jock itch (tinea cruris).
Профиль безопасности
Poison by
intraperitoneal route. Moderately toxic by
ingestion. An experimental teratogen. An
eye irritant. An antimicrobial agent. See also
CHLOROPHENOLS and
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS,
AROMATIC. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
Безопасность
Chloroxylenol is generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and
nonirritant material when used as an excipient in topical products.
However, chloroxylenol has been placed in Toxicity Category I for
eye irritation effects. In addition, allergic skin reactions have
been reported. Taken orally, chloroxylenol is mildly toxic and
ingestion of a chloroxylenol-containing disinfectant product has
been associated with reports of fatal or severe instances of selfpoisoning.
LD50 (mouse, IP): 0.115 g/kg
LD50 (rat, dermal): >2.0 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 3.83 g/kg
хранилище
Chloroxylenol is stable at normal room temperature, but is volatile
in steam. Contact with natural rubber should be avoided. Aqueous
solutions of chloroxylenol are susceptible to microbial contamination
and appropriate measures should be taken to prevent
contamination during storage or dilution. Chloroxylenol should
be stored in polyethylene, mild steel or stainless steel containers,
which should be well-closed and kept in a cool, dry place.
Chloroxylenol does not absorb at wavelengths >290 nm and has
been reported to be stable to sunlight for up to 24 hours.
Методы очистки
Crystallise the phenol from *benzene or toluene. [Beilstein 6 IV 3152.]
Несовместимости
4-Chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol has been reported to be incompatible with nonionic surfactants and methylcellulose.
Регуляторный статус
Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (otic preparations;
topical creams and emulsions). Included in nonparenteral
medicines licensed in the UK. Approved in Europe as a preservative
in cosmetics with a maximum authorized concentration of
0.5%.
4-Хлор-3 ,5-диметилфенола препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат