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SAXITOXIN
SAXITOXIN
- CAS:
- 35523-89-8
- MF:
- C10H17N7O4
- MW:
- 299.29
Properties
- Boiling point:
- 440.62°C (rough estimate)
- Density
- 1.3010 (rough estimate)
- refractive index
- 1.6400 (estimate)
- storage temp.
- −20°C
- pka
- 13.32±0.50(Predicted)
Safety Information
- Symbol(GHS)
GHS06
- Signal word
- Danger
- Hazard statements
- H300-H330-H310
- Precautionary statements
- P262-P264-P270-P280-P302+P350-P310-P322-P361-P363-P405-P501-P260-P271-P284-P304+P340-P310-P320-P403+P233-P405-P501-P264-P270-P301+P310-P321-P330-P405-P501
- Hazard Codes
- T+
- Risk Statements
- 26/27/28
- Safety Statements
- 36/37/39-45
- RIDADR
- UN 3462 6.1/PG 1
- WGK Germany
- 3
- Toxicity
- During seasons when dinoflagellates “bloom,” filter-feeding shellfish become contaminated with accumulated toxin and are toxic when eaten. STX blocks nerve membrane sodium channels in nanomolar concentrations when applied externally. STX competes with tetrodotoxin (TTX) for binding to sodium channels. The mechanism of action on nerves is the same as that of TTX, although recovery from STX block occurs slightly faster than that after TTX block. The i.p. LD50 in mice is 10 μg/kg. Symptoms in humans within 30 min of ingestion include tingling and burning in face, lips, tongue, and eventually the whole body, parathesia followed by numbness, ataxia, general motor incoordination, confusion, and headache. Death due to respiratory paralysis occurs within 12 h. Treatment is restricted to symptoms. There is no antidote, and emesis is advisable. Artificial respiration is given if neces_x0002_sary. Prostigmine methylsulfate (1 mL of 1:2000 solution, i.v.) is helpful.
Use
Saxitoxin is an extremely toxic substance.It binds to sodium channels and the blocksnerve membrane. In humans, ingestion ofthis compound can produce tingling andburning in the lip, tongue, face, and thewhole body within an hour. This is fol lowed by numbness, muscular incoordina tion, confusion, headache, and respiratoryfailure. Death may occur within 12 hours.LD50 value intraperitoneal (mice): 0.005mg/kgLD50 value oral (mice): 0.26 mg/kgIntravenous administration of 1 mL of1:2000 solution of prostigmine methylsulfatehas been reported to be effective againstsaxitoxin poisoning (Hodgson et al. 1988).
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