Диметил адипинат химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Dimethyl adipate (DMA) is a colourless and flammable liquid. It is soluble in alcohol and
ether but sparingly soluble in water. DMA is incompatible with strong oxidising agents,
and on decomposition, it emits carbon monoxide, irritating and toxic fumes and gases,
and carbon dioxide. DMA reacts with acids, alkalis, and strong oxidants. DMA is synthesised
by the esterification of adipic acid. DMA is part of a dibasic ester (DBE) blend
used as a major ingredient in several paint strippers, and the DBE blends used in paint
stripping formulations contain a major portion (about 90%) of DMA. DMA is used as
a chemical intermediate (polymers, agrochemicals), cellulose resins, a speciality solvent
(inks, coatings, adhesives), and an emollient and can also be utilised as a paint remover
and plasticiser.
Химические свойства
Dimethyl adipate is a colorless liquid. It is a fatty acid methyl ester.
Использование
Dimethyl adipate is used in cosmetics (in emollients and skin conditioning).It is used as a plasticizer for cellulose-type resins and a finish remover.It is also used in agrochemicals and dye as well as a precursor for the preparation of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Further, it serves as a polymer intermediate. In addition to this, it is employed as a solvent for paint stripping and resins.
Методы производства
Dimethyl adipate is manufactured via esterification of adipic
acid and methanol in the presence of an acid catalyst.
Общее описание
Colorless liquid.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Flammable. Hydrolyzed by strong mineral acids and strong alkalis.
Профиль реактивности
Dimethyl adipate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.
Угроза здоровью
Exposures to dimethyl adipate cause toxicity and adverse health effects in laboratory
animals and humans. Workplace exposures to dimethyl adipate by inhalation, ingestion,
or skin absorption cause harmful and irritation effects to users.
Профиль безопасности
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. Experimental
teratogenic and reproductive effects. When
heated to decomposition it emits acrid
smoke and irritating fumes.
Канцерогенность
In a chronic inhalation toxicity
study of dimethyl adipate, groups of male and female rats
were exposed to 400 mg/m3 of dimethyl adipate over a
90-day period. Focal respiratory metaplasia of the olfactory
epithelium was found. These nonneoplastic lesions were
minimal to mild in severity .
Меры предосторожности
During handling of dimethyl adipate, occupational workers should be careful and use
self-contained breathing apparatus, rubber boots, and heavy rubber gloves and avoid prolonged
period of exposures. Workers should avoid contact of dimethyl adipate with skin,
eyes and nose.
Диметил адипинат препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат