МЕТИЛПРОПИОНАТ химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Methyl propionate, also known as methyl propanoate, is a chemical compound with the molecular formula C4H8O2. It is a volatile ester with a sweet, fruity, rum-like odor.
Химические свойства
Methyl propionate is colorless liquid with
a sweet, fruity, rum-like odor.
Вхождение
Reported found in guava, honey, melon, pineapple, raspberry, blackberry, strawberry, cheddar cheese, cooked
beef, coffee, soy protein, durian (Durio zibethinus), starfruit, plum brandy, cherimoya, kiwifruit, naranjilla, mussels and rooibus tea
(Aspalathus linearis)
Использование
Methyl propionate is used as a solvent for cellulose nitrate and lacquers, and as a raw material for the production of paints, varnishes and other chemicals such as methyl methacrylate.
Due to its fruity smell and taste, it is also used in fragrances and flavoring.
Подготовка
Methyl propionate can be prepared by esterification of propionic acid with methanol. Industrially, it is prepared by the reaction of ethylene with carbon monoxide and methanol in the presence of nickel carbonyl.
Методы производства
Methyl propionate is produced by the direct esterification of
propionic acid with methanol in the presence of concentrated
sulfuric acid .
Общее описание
A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 28°F. Density about the same as water. Vapors heavier than air. May irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Used for flavoring and as a solvent.
Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
Профиль реактивности
Methyl propionate reacts with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated with alkali metals and hydrides.
Опасность
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosivelimits in air 2.5–13%.
Угроза здоровью
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Пожароопасность
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Профиль безопасности
Moderately toxic by
ingestion. Mildly toxic by inhalation. A skin
irritant. A very dangerous fire hazard when
exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers.
Explosive in the form of vapor when
exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, use
foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
Возможный контакт
Used as a solvent; and in making
paints, lacquers, and varnishes. Also used in flavorings and
fragrances
Перевозки
UN1248 Methyl propionate, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
Методы очистки
Wash the ester with saturated aqueous NaCl, then dry it with Na2CO3 and distil it from P2O5. (This removes any free acid and alcohol.) It has also been dried with anhydrous CuSO4. [Beilstein 2 IV 104.]
Несовместимости
May form explosive mixture with air.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids,
oxoacids, epoxides. Keep away from heat and moisture.
МЕТИЛПРОПИОНАТ препаратная продукция и сырье
сырьё
препарат