Chlorine dioxide
- CAS No.
- 10049-04-4
- Chemical Name:
- Chlorine dioxide
- Synonyms
- ClO2;Chlorine oxide;Chlorine Dioxide solution;Alcide;o2Cl(.);(Oclo)(.);doxcide50;JUN-CLARE;Doxcide 50;alcide[qr]
- CBNumber:
- CB5268845
- Molecular Formula:
- ClO2
- Molecular Weight:
- 67.45
- MOL File:
- 10049-04-4.mol
- Modify Date:
- 2024/5/11 20:10:50
| Melting point | -59°C |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 11°C |
| Density | 3.09g/L |
| vapor pressure | 0-22900Pa at 20-25℃ |
| solubility | slightly soluble in H2O |
| form | orange-green gas |
| color | orange-green |
| Water Solubility | Soluble ºC |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3); (ACGIH, MSHA, OSHA, and NIOSH); TLV-STEL 0.3 ppm (ACGIH); IDLH 10 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Dielectric constant | 1.7（77.0℃） |
| Stability | May decompose explosively on shock, friction or concussion, or on heating rapidly. Strong oxidant - reacts violently with combustible and reducing materials, and with mercury, ammonia, sulphur and many organic compounds. |
| LogP | -3.22--2.9 at 20℃ |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 10049-04-4(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Chlorine dioxide(10049-04-4) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Chlorine dioxide (10049-04-4) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |    GHS06,GHS05,GHS09 |
|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger |
| Hazard statements | H301-H314-H400 |
| Precautionary statements | P264-P270-P301+P310-P321-P330-P405-P501-P260-P264-P280-P301+P330+P331-P303+P361+P353-P363-P304+P340-P310-P321-P305+P351+P338-P405-P501-P273-P391-P501 |
| Hazard Codes | O,T+,N |
| Risk Statements | 6-8-26-34-50 |
| Safety Statements | 23-26-28-36/37/39-38-45-61 |
| OEB | C |
| OEL | TWA: 0.1 ppm (0.3 mg/m3), STEL: 0.3 ppm (0.9 mg/m3) |
| RIDADR | UN 9191 |
| IDLA | 5 ppm |
Chlorine dioxide Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Chemical Properties
Chlorine dioxide,CI02, is a yellow-reddish gas.It is a very effective bleaching and water treatment agent. Chlorine dioxide is preparedby the reaction of chlorine and sodium chlorite. It is quite unstable and is commonly prepared immediately before use.
Physical properties
Yellow to red-yellow gas at room temperature; pungent chlorine-like odor; density 9.99 g/L at 11°C; liquefies to a reddish brown liquid at 11°C; liquid density 1.64 g/mL at 0°C; freezes at -59.5° C to red crystals (explodes); soluble in water, decomposes in hot water; soluble in alkalis and H2SO4.
Uses
Chlorine Dioxide is a gas used in bleaching and aging flour. it acts on the flour almost instantly, resulting in improved color and dough properties. because usage levels are low, the bleaching action is limited.
Preparation
Chlorine dioxide is prepared by passing nitrogen dioxide through sodium chlorate packed in a column:
NaClO3 + NO2 → NaNO3 + ClO2
Also, it may be prepared by the reaction of chlorine with sodium chlorite:
2NaClO2 + Cl2 → 2ClO2 + 2NaCl
Alternatively, it may be obtained by the treatment of sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate with sulfur dioxide and sulfuric acid:
2NaClO3 + SO2 + H2SO4 → 2ClO2 + 2 NaHSO4.
Production Methods
Chlorine dioxide is manufactured from the oxidation of chlorite or the reduction of chlorate. The latter method is used for large-volume production and is carried out in strongly acidic solution using reducing agents such as NaCl, HCl, sulfur dioxide, and methanol.
Definition
An orange gas formed by the action of concentrated sulfuric acid on potassium chlorate. It is a powerful oxidizing agent and its explosive properties in the presence of a reducing agent were used to make one of the first matches. It is widely used in the purification of water and as a bleach in the flour and wood-pulp industry. On an industrial scale an aqueous solution of chlorine dioxide is made by passing nitrogen dioxide up a tower packed with a fused mixture of aluminum oxide and clay, down which a solution of sodium chlorate flows.
Hazard
Explodes when heated or by reaction with organic materials. Very irritating to skin and mucous membranes. Lower respiratory tract irritant. Broncitis.
Health Hazard
Chlorine dioxide is highly irritating to theeyes, nose, and throat. Inhalation can causecoughing, wheezing, respiratory distress, andcongestion in the lungs. Its toxicity inhumans is moderate to high. Its irritanteffects in humans can be intense at a con centration level of 5 ppm in air. A concen tration of 19 ppm of the gas inside a bleachtank caused the death of one worker (Elkins 1959). The chronic toxicity signs are mainlydyspnea and asthmatic bronchitis, and in cer tain cases irritation of the gastrointestinaltract. Ingestion of the liquid may cause som nolence and respiratory stimulation.
Fire Hazard
Nonflammable gas; however, it is highly reactive and a strong oxidizing agent. Chlo rine dioxide explodes violently upon heating, exposure to sunlight, contact with dust, or when subjected to a spark. Detonation occurs at concentrations above 10% in air in the presence of an energy source or catalyst. It undergoes violent reactions with organic matter; explosion occurs when the mixture is subjected to shock or a spark. It reacts spon taneously with sulfur or phosphorus, caus ing ignition and/or explosion. Liquid chlorine dioxide may explode violently when mixed with mercury, caustic potash, caustic soda, or many metal hydrides. The gas reacts explo sively with fluorine and with difluoroamine (Lawless and Smith 1968).
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by inhalation. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. An eye irritant. A powerful explosive sensitive to spark, impact, sunlight, or heating rapidly to 100℃. A powerful oxidzer. Concentrations of greater than 10% in air are explosive. Explodes on mixing with carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons (e.g., butadiene, ethane, ethylene, methane, propane), fluoramines (e.g., difluoramine, trifluoramine). Mtxtures with hydrogen explode with sparking or contact with platinum. Explodes on contact with mercury, potassium hydroxide, phosphorus pentachloride + chlorine. Ignites or explodes on contact with nonmetals (e.g., phosphorus, sulfur, sugar). Reacts violently with F2, NHF2. Reacts with water or steam to produce toxic and corrosive fumes of HCl. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-. See also CHLORINE.
Potential Exposure
Chlorine dioxide is used in bleaching cellulose pulp; bleaching flour; water purification; as a liquid sterilizer in an ultrasonic cleaner.
Shipping
UN/NA 9191 Chlorine dioxide, hydrate, frozen, Hazard class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer, 6.1-Poison Inhalation. Explosive: It may only be shipped in the frozen state and then only by private or contract motor carrier.
Incompatibilities
Unstable in light. A powerful oxidizer. Chlorine dioxide gas is explosive at concentrations over 10% and can be ignited by almost any form of energy, including sunlight, heat (explosions can occur in air in temperature above 130C), or sparks, shock, friction, or concussion. This chemical reacts violently with dust, combustible materials; and reducing agents. Reacts violently with mercury, phosphorus, sulfur, and many compounds, causing fire and explosion hazard. Contact with water forms perchloric and hydrochloric acid. Corrosive to metals.
Waste Disposal
Use large volume of concentrated solution of ferrous salt or bisulfite solution as reducing agent. Then neutralize and flush to sewer with abundant water.
Chlorine dioxide Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
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chevron_rightPreparation Products
| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | Inquiry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prophylaxis | +91-9820297647 +91-9727733711 | Gujarat, India | 1 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Triveni chemicals | 08048762458 | New Delhi, India | 6093 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Keshav Hichem Private Limited | 08048950267 | Mumbai, India | 6 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Shyam Electicals | 08048372108Ext 654 | Mumbai, India | 1 | 58 | Inquiry |
| SVS Aqua Technologies | 08047644946 | Pune, India | 1 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Sonal Dye Chem | 07942548676 | Gujarat, India | 8 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Acuro Organics Limited | 08046042815 | Delhi, India | 69 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Ecosterile Marketing Private Limited | 08046044200 | Gujarat, India | 5 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Zed Chem Private Ltd. | 08048984885 | Ahmedabad, India | 2 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Centaac Corporation | 08046038415 | Mumbai, India | 1 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Supplier | Advantage |
|---|---|
| Prophylaxis | 58 |
| Triveni chemicals | 58 |
| Keshav Hichem Private Limited | 58 |
| Shyam Electicals | 58 |
| SVS Aqua Technologies | 58 |
| Sonal Dye Chem | 58 |
| Acuro Organics Limited | 58 |
| Ecosterile Marketing Private Limited | 58 |
| Zed Chem Private Ltd. | 58 |
| Centaac Corporation | 58 |
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