Dexamethasone
- CAS No.
- 50-02-2
- Chemical Name:
- Dexamethasone
- Synonyms
- DEXAMETHASONE BASE;DXM;DEXAMETHASON;Dexa;Dexametasona;DECADRON;HEXADECADROL;Dexamethazone;DexaMethasone-d4;DEXAMETHASONE CRYSTALLINE
- CBNumber:
- CB4261243
- Molecular Formula:
- C22H29FO5
- Molecular Weight:
- 392.47
- MOL File:
- 50-02-2.mol
- MSDS File:
- SDS
- Modify Date:
- 2024/7/1 9:24:09
| Melting point | 262-264 °C (lit.) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 568.2±50.0 °C(Predicted) |
| alpha | 75 º (c=1, dioxane) |
| Density | 1.1283 (estimate) |
| refractive index | 76 ° (C=1, Dioxane) |
| Flash point | 9℃ |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | ethanol: 1 mg/mL |
| pka | 12.13±0.70(Predicted) |
| form | powder |
| color | off-white |
| Water Solubility | 10 mg/100 mL (25 ºC) |
| Sensitive | Light Sensitive |
| Merck | 14,2943 |
| BRN | 2066651 |
| BCS Class | 1 (CLogP), 3 (LogP) |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases, acid anhydrides, acid chlorides. May be light sensitive. |
| InChIKey | UREBDLICKHMUKA-CXSFZGCWSA-N |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 50-02-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Prednisolone, 9alpha-fluoro-16alpha-methyl-(50-02-2) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Dexamethasone (50-02-2) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |  GHS08 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H360FD | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P201-P202-P280-P308+P313-P405-P501 | |||||||||
| Hazard Codes | Xi,Xn,T,F | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 43-40-36/37/38-20/21/22-42/43-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 36/37-45-36-26-22-16 | |||||||||
| RIDADR | UN1230 - class 3 - PG 2 - Methanol, solution | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 2 | |||||||||
| RTECS | TU3980000 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| HS Code | 29372210 | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 oral in rat: > 3gm/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Dexamethasone price More Price(18)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | D9184 | Dexamethasone meets USP testing specifications | 50-02-2 | 100MG | ₹7967.2 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | PHR1526 | Dexamethasone Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material | 50-02-2 | 1G | ₹10792.53 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | D9184 | Dexamethasone meets USP testing specifications | 50-02-2 | 1G | ₹35614.25 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | D9184 | Dexamethasone meets USP testing specifications | 50-02-2 | 5G | ₹107135.03 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | D4902 | Dexamethasone powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture, ≥97% | 50-02-2 | 25MG | ₹3853.7 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Dexamethasone Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
The activity of dexamethasone, as measured by glycogen deposition, is 20 times greater than that of hydrocortisone. It has five times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone. Clinical data indicate that this compound has seven times the antirheumatic potency of prednisolone. It is roughly 30 times more potent than hydrocortisone. Its pharmacokinetics are presented in Table 33.3. Routes of metabolism for dexamethasone are similar to those for prednisolone, with its primary 6β-hydroxy metabolite being recovered in urine. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is the water-soluble sodium salt of the 21-phosphate ester, with an IV half-life of less than 10 minutes because of rapid hydrolysis by plasma phosphatases. Peak plasma levels for dexamethasone usually are attained in approximately 10 to 20 minutes following its IV administered dose. A similar reaction occurs when the phosphate ester is applied topically or by inhalation.
Chemical Properties
White or almost white, crystalline powder.
Uses
Dexamethasone is used for the same indications as all corticosteroids; however, it exhibits a significantly more powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action. It is used for circulatory collapse—shock during or after surgical operations, trauma, blood loss, myocardial infarction, and burns. It is also used in severe infections—toxemia, vascular collapse in meningococcosis, septicemia, diphtheria, typhoid fever, and peritonitis. It is used in severe allergic conditions—asthmatic status, laryngeal edema, severe anaphylactic reactions to medicinal drugs, and pyrogenic reactions.
Indications
Cushing’s disease is defined as hypercortisolism due to chronic overproduction of corticotrophin by a corticotroph adenoma. Cortisol’s lack of suppressibility during the administration of low doses of dexamethasone but suppressibility during high-dose dexamethasone is the key diagnostic finding in 99% of the patients with Cushing’s disease. This contrasts with the lack of glucocorticoid suppressibility typically found in patients with corticotrophin-independent hypercortisolism (Cushing’s syndrome). A judicious selection of the available tests may be necessary to obtain an accurate diagnosis in patients with Cushing’s syndrome.
General Description
Dexamethasone, 9-fluoro-11β,17,21-trihydroxy-16α-methylpregna-1,4-diene-3,20-dione,is the 16 -isomer of betamethasone.
Dexamethasone acetate, USP (21-acetate)
Dexamethasone sodium phosphate, USP (21-sodiumphosphate).
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Dexamethasone may be sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Dexamethasone is incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. Oxidation may occur with bases.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Dexamethasone are not available; however, Dexamethasone is probably combustible.
Biological Activity
Glucocorticoid; anti-inflammatory. Reduces levels of activated NF- κ B in immature dendritic cells (DCs) and inhibits differentiation into mature DCs.
Pharmacology
Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid with high glucocorticoid activity and virtually no mineralocorticoid activity. I ts mechanism of action as an antiemetic is unknown, but it is possible that either direct genomic or indirect non-genomic effects on 5-HT3 and GABAA receptors contribute to its antiemetic activity. Many of the original studies were carried out using 8– 10mg of dexamethasone phosphate, but smaller doses (2.5–4mg) provide equal antiemetic efficacy with minimal risk of adverse effects. Concerns relating to adrenal suppression and other steroid-induced adverse effects (including increased risk of bleeding) after a single dose of dexamethasone remain largely unfounded. O ne of the most unpleasant adverse effects of dexamethasone involves intense perineal stimulation after rapid i.v. injection.
Pharmacokinetics
The activity of dexamethasone, as measured by glycogen deposition, is 20 times greater than that of hydrocortisone. It has five times the anti-inflammatory activity of prednisolone. Clinical data indicate that this compound has seven times the antirheumatic potency of prednisolone. It is roughly 30 times more potent than hydrocortisone. Its pharmacokinetics are presented in Table 33.3. Routes of metabolism for dexamethasone are similar to those for prednisolone, with its primary 6β-hydroxy metabolite being recovered in urine. Dexamethasone sodium phosphate is the water-soluble sodium salt of the 21-phosphate ester, with an IV half-life of less than 10 minutes because of rapid hydrolysis by plasma phosphatases. Peak plasma levels for dexamethasone usually are attained in approximately 10 to 20 minutes following its IV administered dose. A similar reaction occurs when the phosphate ester is applied topically or by inhalation.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of F-.
Purification Methods
Dexamethasone has been recrystallised from Et2O or small volumes of EtOAc. Its solubility in H2O is 10 mg/100mL at 25o; and is freely soluble in Me2CO, EtOH and CHCl3. [Arth et al. J Am Chem Soc 80 3161 1958; for the -methyl isomer see Taub et al. J Am Chem Soc 82 4025 1960, see Beilstein 8 IV 3501.]
Dexamethasone Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
Preparation Products
| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | Inquiry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gonane Pharma | +91-9819380043 +91-9819380043 | NaviMumbai, India | 192 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Medi Pharma Drug House | +919930911911 | Mumbai, India | 143 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Vamsi Labs Ltd | +91-2172357274 +91-9891966300 | Maharashtra, India | 43 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Ralington Pharma | +91-7948911722 +91-9687771722 | Gujarat, India | 1350 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Maharshi Pharma Chem | +91-7940359347 +91-7433927173 | Gujarat, India | 24 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Prachem Laboratories | +91-7948993109 +91-7383072020 | Gujarat, India | 44 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Anuja Healthcare Ltd | +91-6239597015 +91-9815004047 | Punjab, India | 26 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Horster Biotek Pvt Ltd | +91-7359657360 +91-9898127219 | Gujarat, India | 58 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Bhugan Lifescience Pvt Ltd | +91-9909430337 +91-8849461798 | Gujarat, India | 23 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Symbiotec Pharma Lab Pvt Ltd | +91-7316676406 +91-7316676405 | Madhya Pradesh, India | 71 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Supplier | Advantage |
|---|---|
| Gonane Pharma | 58 |
| Medi Pharma Drug House | 58 |
| Vamsi Labs Ltd | 58 |
| Ralington Pharma | 58 |
| Maharshi Pharma Chem | 58 |
| Prachem Laboratories | 58 |
| Anuja Healthcare Ltd | 58 |
| Horster Biotek Pvt Ltd | 58 |
| Bhugan Lifescience Pvt Ltd | 58 |
| Symbiotec Pharma Lab Pvt Ltd | 58 |
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