Mercury
- CAS No.
- 7439-97-6
- Chemical Name:
- Mercury
- Synonyms
- Hg;Hydrargyrum;Quecksilber;MERCURY METAL;Metallic mercury;Kwik;Rtec;Mercure;MERCURY;NA 2809
- CBNumber:
- CB7355066
- Molecular Formula:
- Hg
- Molecular Weight:
- 200.59
- MOL File:
- 7439-97-6.mol
- Modify Date:
- 2024/5/11 14:46:30
| Melting point | -38.9 °C |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 356.6 °C(lit.) |
| Density | 13.54 |
| vapor density | 7 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | <0.01 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| storage temp. | Poison room |
| solubility | H2O: soluble |
| form | Triple Distilled Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 13.5 (20/4℃) |
| Odor | Odorless |
| Resistivity | 95.8 μΩ-cm, 20°C |
| Water Solubility | 20–30μg/L in H2O; soluble in boiling H2SO4, HNO3 [KIR81] [HAW93] |
| Merck | 13,5925 |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 0.05 mg/m3 for Hg vapor, and 0.10 mg/m3, as Hg for alkyl mercury and inorganic compounds (ACGIH); ceiling 0.1 mg/m3 (OSHA); IDLH 28 mg/m3 (NIOSH). |
| Dielectric constant | 1.0（148℃） |
| Stability | Stable. Incompatible with strong acids, sodium thiosulfate, ammonium hydroxide. |
| InChIKey | QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 7439-97-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| IARC | 3 (Vol. 58) 1993 |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Mercury (7439-97-6) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |    GHS06,GHS08,GHS09 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H330-H360D-H372-H410 | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P201-P273-P304+P340+P310 | |||||||||
| Hazard Codes | T,N,Xn,C,T+ | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 25-48/21/22-51/53-50/53-33-23-20/21/22-34-36/37/38-23/24/25-48/23-26-61-52/53-36/38 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 7-45-60-61-36-36/37/39-26-36/37-53 | |||||||||
| OEL | STEL: 0.1 mg/m3 | |||||||||
| RIDADR | UN 3289 6.1/PG 2 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 3 | |||||||||
| RTECS | OV4550000 | |||||||||
| F | 10 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| HS Code | 2805 40 90 | |||||||||
| HazardClass | 8 | |||||||||
| PackingGroup | III | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LCLO inhal (rabbit) 29 mg/m3 (30 h) PEL (OSHA) 0.1 mg/m3 (ceiling) TLV-TWA (ACGIH) 0.025 mg/m3—skin |
|||||||||
| IDLA | 10 mg Hg/m3 | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Mercury price More Price(11)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 1.04404 | Mercury 99.9999 Suprapur? | 7439-97-6 | 250G | ₹79210 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 1.04404 | Mercury 99.9999 Suprapur? | 7439-97-6 | 1KG | ₹197910 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| ottokemi | M 1767 | Mercury , GR 99%+ | 7439-97-6 | 100gm | ₹4590 | 2022-05-26 | Buy |
| ottokemi | M 1767 | Mercury , GR 99%+ | 7439-97-6 | 250gm | ₹10899 | 2022-05-26 | Buy |
| ottokemi | M 1767 | Mercury , GR 99%+ | 7439-97-6 | 500gm | ₹20403 | 2022-05-26 | Buy |
Mercury Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
Elemental mercury, a silver-white metal, is also known ‘quicksilver’ or ‘hydrargyrum.’ Mercury has been discovered in Egyptian tombs dating as far back as 1500 BC. The chemical symbol, Hg, is derived from the Greek word hydrargyros, meaning ‘water silver.’ Mercury was known in antiquity and used by alchemists. Its neurological effects were recognized early, and its use in the hat-making trade gave rise to the phrase ‘mad as a hatter.’ Mercury has been used commercially and medically for centuries. In the past it was a common constituent of many medications, for example, it was used in the treatment of syphilis. Use of mercury has been drastically reduced in recent years. Within the twentieth century, mercury used to be in every physician’s or pharmacist’s armamentarium, for example, calomel was commonly used in infant teething powders in the 1930s and 1940s.
Chemical Properties
Mercury is a silvery, mobile, odorless, extremely heavy liquid , sometimes found native. Insoluble in hydrochloric acid; soluble in sulfuric acid upon boiling; readily soluble in nitric acid; insoluble in water, alcohol, and ether; soluble in lipids; extremely high surface tension.
History
The name of Hg derives from the Roman god “Mercury”, the nimble messenger of the gods, since the ancients used that name for the element, which was known from prehistoric times. The name mercury originated in 6th-century alchemy, in which the symbol of the planet was used to represent the metal; the chemical symbol Hg derives from the Latin hydrargyrum, “liquid silver or quick silver.” Although its toxicity was recognized at an early date, its main application was for medical purposes.
Uses
Amalgams, catalyst, electrical apparatus, cathodes for production of chlorine and caustic soda, instruments (thermometers, barometers, etc.), mercury vapor lamps, extractive metallurgy, mirror coating, arc lamps, boilers, coolant, and neutron absorber in nuclear power plants.
Production Methods
Mercury is mined primarily in underground mines as the metal or as the red sulfide cinnabar (HgS). Like HgO, the sulfide decomposes at higher temperatures. Heating of the ore and condensation of the mercury vapor constitute a convenient procedure for reducing, extracting, and purifying mercury from its ore. In the United States, mercury is produced primarily from secondary sources; this involves recycling a variety of industrial waste products. A survey in 1980 conducted by the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health suggested that about 70,000 workers were exposed to mercury and its compounds; the majority of these exposures involves mercury vapor. However, this number has probably already decreased considerably, and occupational mercury vapor exposure has now become fairly rare in industrialized countries. On the other hand, numbers of workers exposed to mercury vapor from informal mining in developing countries has increased disproportionally and is causing health risks to workers and their families, including children.
Definition
Metallic element of atomic number 80, group IIB of the periodic table, aw 200.59, valences = 1,2; 4 stable isotopes and 12 artificially radioactive isotopes.
General Description
An odorless, silvery metallic liquid. Insoluble in water. Toxic by ingestion, absorption and inhalation of the fumes. Corrosive to aluminum. Used as a catalyst in instruments, boilers, mirror coatings.
Reactivity Profile
MERCURY forms an explosive acelylide when mixed with acetylene. Can form explosive compounds with ammonia (a residue resulting from such a reaction exploded when an attempt was made to clean MERCURY off a steel rod [Chem. Eng. News 25:2138. 1947]. Chlorine dioxide (also other oxidants, such as: chlorine, bromine, nitric acid, performic acid), and MERCURY explode when mixed [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:381. 1956]. Methyl azide in the presence of MERCURY is potentially explosive [Can. J. Chem. 41:1048. 1963]. Ground mixtures of sodium carbide and MERCURY can react vigorously [Mellor 5:848. 1946-47]. Ammonia forms explosive compounds with gold, MERCURY, or silver. (Eggeman, Tim. mmonia Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2001.).
Hazard
Central nervous system impairment, peripheral nervous system impairment, and kidney damage. (1) Mercury, metallic: Highly toxic by skin absorption and inhalation of fume or vapor, absorbed by respiratory and intestinal tract. FDA permits zero addition to
Health Hazard
Mercury is a non-specific toxin, attacking many of the body s systems. At low levels of exposure, symptoms are mainly related to nerve and brain function and include memory loss, mood instability, tremor, and other stress-like symptoms: poor coordination, headache, and visual and hearing problems. Recently, reproductive health has been shown to be affected, with abnormalities in menstrual cycle, poor outcome of pregnancy, and subfertility in both men and women. The immune system is also damaged by mercury exposure.
Fire Hazard
Behavior in Fire: Not flammable
Flammability and Explosibility
Mercury is not combustible.
Safety Profile
Poison by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: wakefulness, muscle weakness, anorexia, headache, tinnitus, hypermotihty, darrhea, liver changes, dermatitis, fever. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. Human mutation data reported. Used in dental applications, electronics, and chemical synthesis. bromopropyne, alkynes + silver perchlorate, ethylene oxide, lithium, methylsilane + oxygen (explodes when shaken), peroxyformic acid, chlorine dioxide, tetracarbonylnickel + oxygen. May react with ammonia to form an explosive product. Mixtures with methyl azide are shockand spark-sensitive explosives. The vapor iptes on contact with boron diiodophosphide. Reacts violently with acetylenic compounds (e.g., acetylene, sodmm acetylide, 2-butyne-l,4 do1 + acid), metals (e.g., aluminum, calcium, potassium, sodium, rubidium, exothermic formation of amalgams), Cl2, ClO2, CH3N3, NazCz, nitromethane. Incompatible with methyl azide, oxidants. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Hg. See also MERCURY COMPOUNDS.
Potential Exposure
Mercury is used as a catalyst, in dental applications; and in pharmaceuticals; as a liquid cathode in cells for the electrolytic production of caustic and chlorine. It is used in electrical apparatus (lamps, rectifiers, and batteries) and in control instruments (switches, thermometers, and barometers)
Carcinogenicity
There is no conclusive evidence from epidemiological studies that mercury increases cancer risk in humans.12 In the few studies in which increases have been reported, concomitant exposure to other known carcinogens has confounded the results. The IARC has determined that there is inadequate evidence in humans for the carcinogenicity of mercury and mercury compounds.12 In animals there is inadequate evidence for carcinogenicity of metallic mercury and limited evidence for the carcinogenicity of mercuric chloride.
Environmental Fate
Mercury cycles through various environmental phases by exchange from ground to air and back again. Metallic and dimethylmercury, which are volatile, will be released as mercury vapor that can travel long distances before being redeposited. When found in surface waters and soils it will degas into the surrounding air where natural currents and winds spread the materials until they are deposited back on the surface waters and soils. The majority of mercury returned to the soil or water is by wet partition and accounts for almost all of the mercury found in lakes with no other input source. Inert mercury will deposit bound to particulates in aerosols. Once deposited, mercury must adsorb to soil or sediment particulates or be returned to the atmosphere. This cycle continues with a portion of the mercury revolatilizing into the atmosphere in each cycle.
storage
Precautions should be taken to prevent spills of mercury because drops of the liquid metal can easily become lodged in floor cracks, behind cabinets, and equipment, etc., with the result that the mercury vapor concentration in the laboratory may then exceed the safe and allowable limits. Containers of mercury should be kept tightly sealed and stored in secondary containers (such as a plastic pan or tray) in a well-ventilated area. When breakage of instruments or apparatus containing significant quantities of Hg is possible, the equipment should be placed in a plastic tray or pan that is large enough to contain the mercury in the event of an accident. Transfers of mercury between containers should be carried out in a fume hood over a tray or pan to confine any spills.
Shipping
UN2809 Mercury, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 6.1-Poisonous material
Purification Methods
After air has been bubbled through mercury for several hours to oxidise metallic impurities, it is filtered to remove coarser particles of oxide and dirt, then sprayed through a 4-ft column containing 10% HNO3. It is washed with distilled water, dried with filter paper and distilled under vacuum. [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p8 1963.]
Incompatibilities
Heating mercury causes the formation of toxic mercury oxide fumes. Reacts violently with alkali metals; acetylene, azides, ammonia gas; chlorine, chlorine dioxide; many acids; most metals; ground mixtures of sodium carbide, and ethylene oxide. Contact with methyl azide forms shock- and spark-sensitive explosives. Attacks copper and many other metals, forming amalgams
Waste Disposal
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform to EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal. Accumulate for purification and re-use if possible. Mercury vapors may be adsorbed or treated with sulfide solutions and then sent to mercury recovery operations
Mercury Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
Preparation Products
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chevron_right| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | Inquiry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| JSK Chemicals | +919879767970 | Gujarat, India | 3756 | 58 | Inquiry |
| FINAR LTD | +91 - 2717 - 616717 | New Delhi, India | 660 | 58 | Inquiry |
| CHEMSWORTH | +91-261-2397244 | New Delhi, India | 6707 | 30 | Inquiry |
| Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. | +91 9820041841 | Mumbai, India | 5873 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. | +91-22-4268 5800 | Mumbai, India | 4317 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Alfa Aesar | 1 800 209 7001 | Maharashtra, India | 6913 | 58 | Inquiry |
| LOBA CHEMIE PVT.LTD. | 91-22-6663 6699 | Mumbai, India | 3077 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Triveni chemicals | 08048762458 | New Delhi, India | 6093 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Central Drug House(P) Ltd. | 91-11-49404040 | New Delhi, India | 6160 | 58 | Inquiry |
| ALPHA CHEMIKA | +91-22-22061123 +91-22-66382501 | Mumbai, India | 1681 | 43 | Inquiry |
| Supplier | Advantage |
|---|---|
| JSK Chemicals | 58 |
| FINAR LTD | 58 |
| CHEMSWORTH | 30 |
| Otto Chemie Pvt. Ltd. | 58 |
| Sisco Research Laboratories Pvt. Ltd. | 58 |
| Alfa Aesar | 58 |
| LOBA CHEMIE PVT.LTD. | 58 |
| Triveni chemicals | 58 |
| Central Drug House(P) Ltd. | 58 |
| ALPHA CHEMIKA | 43 |
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