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Cesium carbonate

Cesium carbonate Structure
CAS No.
534-17-8
Chemical Name:
Cesium carbonate
Synonyms
CAESIUM CARBONATE;Caesium carbonate 99.9%;LT-E002;60 - 80 Mesh;JACS-534-17-8;cesiumcabonate;CESIUM CARBONATE;dicesiumcarbonate;CesiumCarbonateGr;TCesium carbonate
CBNumber:
CB3274457
Molecular Formula:
CCs2O3
Molecular Weight:
325.82
MOL File:
534-17-8.mol
MSDS File:
SDS
Modify Date:
2024/7/23 18:28:04
Request For Quotation

Cesium carbonate Properties

Melting point 610 °C (dec.) (lit.)
Density 4.072
vapor pressure 0Pa at 25℃
storage temp. Inert atmosphere,Room Temperature
solubility soluble in Water
form Powder/Granules
color White
Specific Gravity 4.072
Water Solubility 261 g/100 mL (20 ºC)
Sensitive Hygroscopic
Merck 14,2010
BRN 4546405
Stability Stable. Very deliquescent. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids.
InChIKey FJDQFPXHSGXQBY-UHFFFAOYSA-L
LogP 0 at 20℃
CAS DataBase Reference 534-17-8(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System Carbonic acid, dicesium salt (534-17-8)

SAFETY

Risk and Safety Statements

Symbol(GHS) 
GHS05,GHS08
Signal word  Danger
Hazard statements  H318-H361f-H373
Precautionary statements  P201-P202-P260-P280-P305+P351+P338-P308+P313
Hazard Codes  Xn,Xi
Risk Statements  68-36/37/38
Safety Statements  22-24/25-36/37/39-26-27
WGK Germany  2
RTECS  FK9400000
F  3-10
TSCA  Yes
HS Code  28369918
NFPA 704
0
3 1

Cesium carbonate price More Price(41)

Manufacturer Product number Product description CAS number Packaging Price Updated Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India) 441902 Cesium carbonate ReagentPlus?, 99% 534-17-8 5G ₹2413.98 2022-06-14 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India) 554855 Cesium carbonate 99.95% trace metals basis 534-17-8 10G ₹3691.33 2022-06-14 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India) 441902 Cesium carbonate ReagentPlus?, 99% 534-17-8 50G ₹7913.08 2022-06-14 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India) 554855 Cesium carbonate 99.95% trace metals basis 534-17-8 50G ₹13260.63 2022-06-14 Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India) 441902 Cesium carbonate ReagentPlus?, 99% 534-17-8 100G ₹12362.15 2022-06-14 Buy
Product number Packaging Price Buy
441902 5G ₹2413.98 Buy
554855 10G ₹3691.33 Buy
441902 50G ₹7913.08 Buy
554855 50G ₹13260.63 Buy
441902 100G ₹12362.15 Buy

Cesium carbonate Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Description

Cesium carbonate is a basic carbonate and is used in organic synthesis as a mild inorganic base. It can be used in C, N, O alkylation and arylation reactions. Cesium carbonate not only promotes the carbonylation of alcohols and carbamination of amines but also inhibits side reactions common in other processes. It is also used in six-membered annulation, intramolecular and intermolecular cyclizations, Suzuki coupling, aza-Henry, nucleophilic substitution, cross-coupling and different cycloaddition reactions.

Chemical Properties

Colourless crystals or white powder , easily soluble in water, quickly absorbs moisture when placed in the air. The aqueous solution of cesium carbonate is strongly alkaline and can react with acid to produce the corresponding cesium salt and water, and release carbon dioxide.

Uses

Cesium carbonate is a versatile reagent for organic synthesis. This inorganic base has been employed in numerous organic applications ranging from N-protection of amino acids to a base in either the Horner- Wadsworth-Emmons reaction or in Suzuki couplings. It has also found use as a catalyst for ethylene oxide polymerization, in coating for spatter-free welding of steel in CO2, as a functional interlayer in photovoltaic devices and in oxide cathodes. Cesium carbonate is also used in the beer-brewing industry to make the "head" of beer foamier.

Application

Cesium carbonate is widely utilized as a precursor for other cesium compounds. It acts as a base in sensitive organic reactions. It can be used as a base in C-C and C-N cross-coupling reactions such as Suzuki?Miyaura, Heck, and Buchwald-Hartwig amination reactions. It finds use in solar cells as it increases the power conversion efficiency of cells through the transfer of electrons. It is also used in the production of special optical glasses, petroleum catalytic additives, special ceramics and in the sulfuric acid industry. It is useful in the N-alkylation (of sulfonamides, beta-lactams, indoles, heterocycles and several sensitive nitrogen compounds), carbamination of amines, carbonylation of alcohols and aerobic oxidation of alcohols into carbonyl compounds without polymeric by products. Promotes the efficient O-alkylation of alcohols to form mixed alkyl carbonates.

Preparation

cesium carbonate can be prepared by thermal decomposition of caesium oxalate. Upon heating, caesium oxalate is converted to caesium carbonate with emission of carbon monoxide.
Cs2C2O4 → Cs2CO3 + CO
It can also be synthesized by reacting caesium hydroxide with carbon dioxide.
2 CsOH + CO2 → Cs2CO3 + H2O

Reactions

Many of the properties of cesium carbonate are due to the softness of the cesium cation. This softness makes cesium carbonate rather soluble in organic solvents such as alcohols, DMF and Et2O. This has rendered cesium carbonate useful in palladium chemistry, which is often carried out in non-aqueous media where insolubility of inorganic bases can limit reactivity. Cs2CO3 has, for example, been used with good results in Heck, Suzuki and Sonogashira reactions. Cesium carbonate has also received much attention for its use in O-alkylations, particularly of phenols.It has been postulated that O-alkylations of phenols using Cs2CO3 in non-aqueous solvents occurs via the ‘naked’ phenolate anion, which behaves as a strong nucleophile. Therefore, this methodology can even be applied to secondary halides, minimizing the usual unwanted side reactions such as elimination and decomposition.

Reactions

Inorganic bases include LiOt Bu, NaOt Bu, NaOAc, LiOH, NaOH, KOH, Na2CO3, K2CO3, Cs2CO3, ect. Organic bases include DBU and Et3N, etc. Cesium carbonate has a similar basicity with DBU. Due to the poor solubility of most inorganic bases in organic solvents and the aggregation between metal ions and solvent molecules, which may cause some side-effect to the basicity of bases. The solubility of metal carbonate in dipole aprotic solvents is shown below.Cesium carbonate
In the transition metal catalytic organic reactions, different bases were chosen in the palladium catalyzed reaction system, leading to a sharp change in reaction yields. In the direct carboxylation of indole mediated by LiOt Bu. Cs2CO3 as a strong base enhanced reaction yield dramatically, while K2CO3 as a weak base can only generate very little carboxyl products. The most commonly used bases in Suzuki reactions are Na2CO3, Cs2CO3, potassium acetate, potassium phosphate etc[1]. The reactive order of alkali carbonates are as follows: Cs2CO3 > K2CO3 > Na2CO3 > Li2CO3. Caesium carbonate facilitates the N-alkylation of compounds such as sulfonamides, amines, β-lactams, indoles, heterocyclic compounds, N-substituted aromatic imides, phthalimides, and other similar compounds.

General Description

Cesium carbonate is a powerful inorganic base widely used in organic synthesis. It is a potential chemoselective catalyst for the reduction of aldehydes and ketones to alcohols. It is employed as base for the Heck coupling reaction of 4-trifluoromethyl-1-chlorobenzene and aryl chlorides.

Hazard

Cesium carbonate is a danger compound.
H315: Causes skin irritation
H318: Causes serious eye damage
H335: May cause respiratory irritation
H361: Suspected of damaging fertility or the unborn child
H373: May cause damage to organs through prolonged or repeated exposure

Safety Profile

Moderately toxic by ingestion. Mutation data reported. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and fumes. See also CESIUM.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from ethanol (10mL/g) by partial evaporation. [D.nges in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 988 1963.]

References

[1] Guo L, et al. Applications of Bases in Transition Metal Catalyzed Reactions Zhao Yuan. Chemistry - A European Journal, 2018; 24: 7794-7809.

Cesium carbonate Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

CESIUM OXALATE Cesium hydroxide Carbon dioxide CARBON MONOXIDE

Preparation Products

3-PYRIDIN-4-YL-BENZOIC ACID ETHYL 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLATE 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID 6-IODO-5-METHOXY-2-PYRIDINECARBOXYLIC ACID 4-[(3,4-DICHLOROBENZYL)OXY]BENZALDEHYDE
1-(1H-pyrazol-1-yl)propan-2-amine 4-[(2-CHLORO-6-FLUOROBENZYL)OXY]-3-METHOXYBENZALDEHYDE 5-PHENYL-2-THIOPHENECARBALDEHYDE 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-AMINE 1-Phenylimidazole
4-(2-CHLORO-6-FLUOROBENZYLOXY)BENZALDEHYDE 4-BROMO-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBOXAMIDE (3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)METHANOL 2-Chloroquinoline
1-PHENYL-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PYRAZOLE 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBONITRILE 5-Phenylthiophene-2-carboxylic acid 3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-5-CARBOXYLIC ACID (3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOL-4-YL)METHANAMINE
4-CHLOROPHENOXYACETYL CHLORIDE 3-Morpholinobenzaldehyde 1-(4-Pyridyl)piperazine BOC-3-IODO-D-ALANINE BENZYL ESTER 2-[(2,6-DICHLOROBENZYL)OXY]-5-NITROBENZALDEHYDE
3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)-1-PHENYL-1H-PYRAZOLE-4-CARBALDEHYDE 3-(4-METHYLPHENYL)BENZALDEHYDE
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Cesium carbonate Spectrum

Cesium carbonate(534-17-8)IR1

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