Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether Properties

Melting point	-116 °C
Boiling point	34.6 °C(lit.)
Density	0.714
vapor density	2.6 (vs air)
vapor pressure	28.69 psi ( 55 °C)
refractive index	n20/D 1.3530(lit.)
Flash point	-40 °F
storage temp.	Store at RT.
solubility	Soluble in water, miscible with ethanol (96 per cent), with methylene chloride and with fatty oils. It is highly flammable.
form	Liquid
Specific Gravity	0.714 (20/4℃) ; 0.712 (25℃)
Odor	Pungent odor detectable at 0.33 ppm
Relative polarity	2.9
explosive limit	1.7-36%(V)
Water Solubility	69 g/L (20 ºC)
FreezingPoint	-116.3℃
Merck	14,3806
Henry's Law Constant	12.50(x 10^-4 atm?m³/mol at 25 °C) (Signer et al., 1969)
Exposure limits	TLV-TWA 1200 mg/m³ (400 ppm) (ACGIH and OSHA); STEL 1500 mg/m³ (500 ppm) (ACGIH).
Dielectric constant	4.0（40℃）
Stability	Stable, but light-sensitive, sensitive to air. May contain BHT (2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol) as a stabilizer. Substances to be avoided include zinc, halogens, halogen-halogen compounds, nonmetals, nonmetallic oxyhalides, strong oxidizing agents, chromyl chloride, turpentine oils, turps substitutes, nitrates, metallic chlorides. Extre
LogP	0.890
CAS DataBase Reference	60-29-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST Chemistry Reference	Ethoxy ethane(60-29-7)
EPA Substance Registry System	Ethyl ether (60-29-7)

SAFETY

Risk and Safety Statements

Symbol(GHS)

GHS02,GHS07

Signal word

Danger

Hazard statements

H224-H302-H336

Precautionary statements

P210-P233-P240-P241-P301+P312-P403+P233

Hazard Codes

F+,Xn,T,F

Risk Statements

12-19-22-66-67-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11

Safety Statements

9-16-29-33-45-36/37-7

RIDADR

UN 1155 3/PG 1

WGK Germany

1

RTECS

KI5775000

F

10

Autoignition Temperature

160 °C

TSCA

Yes

HS Code

2909 11 00

HazardClass

3

PackingGroup

I

Toxicity

LD50 oral (rat) 1215 mg/kg
LC50 inhal (rat) 73,000 ppm (2 h)
PEL (OSHA) 400 ppm

STEL (ACGIH) 500 ppm

IDLA

1,900 ppm [10% LEL]

NFPA 704

	4
1		1

Diethyl ether price More Price(53)

Manufacturer	Product number	Product description	CAS number	Packaging	Price	Updated	Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India)	673811	Diethyl ether anhydrous, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, contains BHT as inhibitor	60-29-7	1L	₹15588	2022-06-14	Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India)	673811	Diethyl ether anhydrous, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, contains BHT as inhibitor	60-29-7	4L	₹29844.53	2022-06-14	Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India)	676845	Diethyl ether ACS reagent, ≥98.0%, contains ≤2% ethanol and ≤10ppm BHT as inhibitor	60-29-7	1L	₹12004.93	2022-06-14	Buy
Sigma-Aldrich(India)	673811	Diethyl ether anhydrous, ACS reagent, ≥99.0%, contains BHT as inhibitor	60-29-7	200L	₹180452.75	2022-06-14	Buy
Sigma-Aldrich	346136	Diethyl ether ACS reagent, anhydrous, ≥99.0%, contains BHT as inhibitor	60-29-7	100ML	₹4524.85	2022-06-14	Buy

Product number	Packaging	Price	Buy
673811	1L	₹15588	Buy
673811	4L	₹29844.53	Buy
676845	1L	₹12004.93	Buy
673811	200L	₹180452.75	Buy
346136	100ML	₹4524.85	Buy

Diethyl ether Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Description

Diethyl ether is a component of starting fluids and is used as a solvent in the manufacture of synthetic dyes and plastics. Because of its characteristics, diethyl ether was widely used in many countries as an anesthetic agent, but was then replaced by other substances in the 1960s.

Chemical Properties

Ether, (C2H5)2,also known as ethyl ether, is a colorless liquid. It is used as a solvent,a denaturant, and as an anesthetic in medicine. lt is an organic compound in which two hydrocarbon radicals are joined by an atom of oxygen.

Chemical Properties

Diethyl ether has very diffusive, sweet-ethereal odor. Actually a poor odorant, it gives impression of power by its very high vapor pressure at room temperature.

Physical properties

Colorless, hygroscopic, volatile liquid with a sweet, pungent odor. Odor threshold concentration is 330 ppb (quoted, Keith and Walters, 1992).

History

Ether was supposedly discovered by Raymundus Lullus (1232–1315) around 1275, although there is no extant evidence of this in his writings. The discoverer of ether is often credited to the German physician and botanist Valerius Cordus (1515–1554), who gave the first description of the preparation of ether in the mid-16th century. Cordus called the substance oleum vitrioli dulce, which is translated as sweet oil of vitriol. Cordus used sulfuric acid (oil of vitriol) to catalyze the conversion of alcohol to ether. At approximately the same time Paracelsus (1493–1541), a Swiss physician who is also cited as a discoverer of ether, observed that chickens were safely put to sleep by breathing vapors from sweet oil of vitriol. In 1730, August Siegmund Frobenius changed the name of sweet vitriol to ether.

Uses

Diethyl ether has been used extensively as a general anesthetic.

Uses

Ethyl ether is a solvent that may cause skin irritation. Although considered a non-comedogenic raw material, it is rarely used in cosmetics.
However, being a useful extraction solvent for natural perfume and flavor materials, diethyl ether is often found in traces in the commercial, evaporated extracts. It is easier to remove ether from natural extracts, than it is to remove Hexane and other, more common solvents for perfume raw materials.

Production Methods

Ether is produced by the dehydration of ethanol using sulfuric acid: 2CH₃CH₂OH +2H₂SO₄→ (CH₃CH₂)₂O + H₂SO₄ + H₂O.the temperature of the reaction is carriedout at about 140°C to control for unwanted products.the volatile ether is distilled from themixture. Ether can also be prepared by Williamson synthesis. In this reaction, ethanol reactswith sodium to form sodium ethanolate (Na+C₂H₅O?). Sodium ethanolate then reacts withchloroethane to form ether and sodium chloride: Na+C₂H₅O? +C₂H₅Cl → C₂H₅OC₂H₅ +NaCl. Ether is also produced as a by-product in the production of ethanol.

Definition

diethyl ether: A colourless flammablevolatile ether, C2H5OC2H5; r.d. 0.71;m.p. –116°C; b.p. 34.5°C. It can bemade by Williamson’s synthesis. Itis an anaesthetic and useful organicsolvent.

General Description

A clear colorless liquid with an anesthetic odor. Flash point -49°F. Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence floats on water. Vapors are heavier than air. Used as a solvent and to make other chemicals.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Oxidizes readily in air to form unstable peroxides that may explode spontaneously [Bretherick, 1979 p.151-154, 164]. A mixture of liquid air and Diethyl ether exploded spontaneously, [MCA Case History 616(1960)].

Reactivity Profile

Occasional explosions have occurred when aluminum hydride was stored in ether. The explosions have been blamed on the presence of carbon dioxide impurity in the ether, [J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 70:877(1948)]. Diethyl ether and chromium trioxide react violently at room temperature. Solid acetyl peroxide in contact with ether or any volatile solvent may explode violently. A 5-gram portion in ether detonated while being carried, [Chem. Eng. News 27:175(1949)]. Nitrosyl perchlorate ignites and explodes with Diethyl ether. A mixture of ether and ozone forms aldehyde and acetic acid and a heavy liquid, ethyl peroxide, an explosive, [Mellor 1:911(1946-1947)].

Hazard

CNS depressant by inhalation and skin absorption. Very flammable, severe fire and explosion hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Forms explosive peroxides. Explosive limits in air 1.85– 48%.

Health Hazard

The acute toxicity of diethyl ether is low. Inhalation of high concentrations can cause sedation, unconsciousness, and respiratory paralysis. These effects are usually reversible upon cessation of exposure. Diethyl ether is mildly irritating to the eyes and skin, but does not generally cause irreversible damage. Repeated contact can cause dryness and cracking of the skin due to removal of skin oils. The liquid is not readily absorbed through the skin, in part because of its high volatility. Diethyl ether is slightly toxic by ingestion. Diethyl ether is regarded as having adequate warning properties. There is no evidence for carcinogenicity of diethyl ether, and no reproductive effects have been reported. Chronic exposure to diethyl ether vapor may lead to loss of appetite, exhaustion, drowsiness, dizziness, and other central nervous system effects.

Fire Hazard

Diethyl ether is extremely flammable (NFPA rating = 4) and is one of the most dangerous fire hazards commonly encountered in the laboratory, owing to its volatility and extremely low ignition temperature. Ether vapor may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates and static electricity discharges, and since the vapor is heavier than air, it may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back. Ether vapor forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations of 1.9 to 36% (by volume). Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for ether fires. Diethyl ether forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air in a reaction that is promoted by light; the presence of these peroxides may lead to explosive residues upon distillation.

Flammability and Explosibility

Diethyl ether is extremely flammable (NFPA rating = 4) and is one of the most dangerous fire hazards commonly encountered in the laboratory, owing to its volatility and extremely low ignition temperature. Ether vapor may be ignited by hot surfaces such as hot plates and static electricity discharges, and since the vapor is heavier than air, it may travel a considerable distance to an ignition source and flash back. Ether vapor forms explosive mixtures with air at concentrations of 1.9 to 36% (by volume). Carbon dioxide or dry chemical extinguishers should be used for ether fires. Diethyl ether forms unstable peroxides on exposure to air in a reaction that is promoted by light; the presence of these peroxides may lead to explosive residues upon distillation.

Chemical Reactivity

Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.

Industrial uses

Diethyl ether as a commercial product is available in several grades and is used as an extraction solvent, reaction solvent, and as a general anesthetic. Ethyl ether is an excellent solvent for alkaloids, dyes, fats, gums, oils, resins, and waxes. Blends of ethyl ether and ethanol are excellent solvents for cellulose nitrate used in the manufacture of guncotton, in collodion solutions and pyroxylin plastics. Ethyl ether is used in the recovery of acetic acid from aqueous solutions in the cellulose acetate and plastic industry. It is used as a starter fuel for diesel engines and as a denaturant in denatured ethanol formulations. Grignard and Wurtz-Fillig synthesis reactions use diethyl ether as an anhydrous, inert reaction medium.

Potential Exposure

Ethyl ether is used as a solvent for waxes, fats, oils, perfumes, alkaloids, dyes, gums, resins, nitrocellulose, hydrocarbons, raw rubber, and smokeless powder. It is also used as an inhalation anesthetic; a refrigerant; in diesel fuels; in dry cleaning; as an extractant; and as a chemical reagent for various organic reactions

Environmental Fate

Photolytic. The rate constant for the reaction of ethyl ether and OH radicals in the atmosphere at 300 K is 5.4 x 10^-12 cm³/molecule?sec (Hendry and Kenley, 1979).
Chemical/Physical. The atmospheric oxidation of ethyl ether by OH radicals in the presence of nitric oxide yielded ethyl formate as the major product. Minor products included formaldehyde and nitrogen dioxide. In the absence of nitric oxide, the products were ethyl formate and acetaldehyde (Wallington and Japar, 1991).
Ethyl ether will not hydrolyze (Kollig, 1993).

storage

ether should be used only in areas free of ignition sources (including hot plates, incandescent light bulbs, and steam baths), and this substance should be stored in tightly sealed metal containers in areas separate from oxidizers. Because of the tendency of diethyl ether to form peroxides on contact with air, containers should be dated upon receipt and at the time they are opened. Diethyl ether is generally supplied with additives that inhibit peroxide formation; distillation removes these inhibitors and renders the liquid more prone to peroxide formation. Material found to contain peroxides should be treated to destroy the peroxides before use or disposed of properly.

Shipping

UN1155 Diethyl ether or Ethyl ether, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid

Incompatibilities

May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with strong acids; strong oxidizers halogens, sulfur, sulfur compounds, causing fire and explosion hazard. Can form peroxides from air, heat, sunlight; may explode when container is unstoppered or otherwise opened. Attacks some plastics, rubber and coatings. Being a nonconductor, chemical may accumulate static electric charges that may result in ignition of vapor.

Waste Disposal

Concentrated waste containing no peroxides-discharge liquid at a controlled rate near a pilot flame. Concentrated waste containing peroxidesperforation of a container of the waste from a safe distance followed by open burning. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal

Diethyl ether Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

ETHYLENE Ethanol Phosphoric acid catalyst Dehydrolyzing agent Ethanol 95%

Diethyl sulfate Sulfuric acid Sodium metabisulfite

chevron_left

1of2

chevron_right

Preparation Products

2-PHENYL-2-PROPANOL Borane-pyridine complex 6-MORPHOLINONICOTINALDEHYDE 2-Methoxy-5-pyridineboronic acid 2-Methoxyphenylboronic acid

(6-ETHOXYPYRIDIN-3-YL)BORONIC ACID 1,2-(Methylenedioxy)-4-nitrobenzene LACTAMIDE 2-BROMO-4-NITRO(TRIFLUOROMETHOXY)BENZENE N,N,N',N'-TETRAMETHYL-2-BUTENE-1,4-DIAMINE

2-(4-Ethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanol 2-[5-(Benzyloxy)-1H-indol-3-yl]-2-oxoacetic acid ,97% Phosphomolybdic Acid 2-Bromo-1-indanone 1,5-HEXADIENE

4-tert-Butylbenzoyl chloride 2,6-Difluorophenylboronic acid ethyl 1-methylpyrrole-2-carboxylate A-MELANOCYTE STIMULATING HORMONE SYNTHETIC 3-Methylbenzylamine

Benzo[b]thien-2-ylboronic acid ECGONINE HYDROCHLORIDE AMINO ALCOHOL POR TION Genistein 17beta-Hydroxy-17-methylandrosta-4,9(11)-dien-3-one 2-Acetylthiazole

7-OXABICYCLO[2.2.1]HEPTANE ETHYLENEDIAMINE DIACETATE Allyl methyl carbonate Tert-butyl bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate N,N-diethyl-1-propynylamine

Levonorgestrel Daidzein 2,4-Dibromothiophene 2-Amino-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinol 2,2':5',2''-TERTHIOPHENE

4-(Trifluoromethyl)phenacyl bromide 1-Methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-carboxylic acid 1,2-Epoxyoctane methylated albumin 3-(4-BROMOPHENOXY)PROPANOIC ACID

chevron_left

1of8

chevron_right

Diethyl ether Spectrum

Diethyl ether(60-29-7)MS Diethyl ether(60-29-7)¹HNMR Diethyl ether(60-29-7)¹³CNMR Diethyl ether(60-29-7)IR1 Diethyl ether(60-29-7)Raman

60-29-7(Diethyl ether)Related Search:

PETROLEUM ETHER Diethylene Glycol Monoethyl Ether Ethylparaben Ethanol Dimethyl ether

2-Butoxyethanol Diethyl malonate Ethyl acrylate 2-Ethoxyethanol Ethyl 2-bromoisobutyrate

Ethyl 2-bromohexanoate Ethyl 2-bromopropionate Ethyl isocyanoacetate Benzyl 2-bromoacetate Ethyl 2-bromovalerate

1-(4'-Bromophenoxy)-1-ethoxyethane Ethyl bromoacetate Diethyl ether Ether Anhydrous

chevron_left

1of4

chevron_right

ALCOHOL-ETHER MIXTURE ETHER METHANOL SOLVENT DIETHYL ETHER, ANHYDROUS, >=99.7% 44ETHYL ETHER ANHYDROUS >=99.0% A.C.& DIETHYL ETHER EXTRA PUR, DAB, PH. EUR., B. P., STABILIZED ETHER, ANHYDROUS, 99+%, A.C.S. REAGENT DIETHYL ETHER R. G., REAG. ACS, REAG. IS O, REAG. PH. EUR., STABILIZED DIETHYL ETHER, DRIED OVER MOL. SIEVE DEP EROX FLUKA, STAB. DIETHYL ETHER ANHYDROUS >=99.0% A.C.& ETHER, 98+%, A.C.S. REAGENT, CONTAINS ET HANOL, STABILIZED W/BHT(POLY-COAT) DIETHYL ETHER >=98% A.C.S. REAGENT C& DIETHYL ETHER, FOR UV-SPECTROSCOPY, STAB . Diethyl ether, reagent grade, >=98.0, contains ~2% ethanol as stabilizer, ~10 ppm BHT as stabilizer DIETHYL ETHER, A.C.S. REAGENT, >=98.0%,& DIETHYL ETHER, ANHYDROUS, >=99.0%, A.C.S. REAGENT (SAFETY CAN) DIETHYL ETHER DRIED OVER MOL. SIEVE (H2O <0.005%), STAB. DIETHYL ETHER, 4X25 ML Diethyl ether, anhydrous, A.C.S. reagent, >=99.0% DIETHYL ETHER TECHNICAL 5 L DIETHYL ETHER (MAX.0,2 % WATER), EXTRA P URE, STABILIZED DIETHYL ETHER, STAB. DIETHYL ETHER, FOR RESIDUE ANALYSIS,STAB. WITH ~2% ETHANOL . Diethyl ether, CHROMASOLV(R), for HPLC, >=99.9%, inibitor-free ETHYL ETHER, 1X1ML, MEOH, 2000UG/ML DIETHYL ETHER, STANDARD FOR GC DIETHYL ETHER DRIED O. NA/PB ALLOY & DIETHYL ETHER GC STANDARD Ether (Controlled Chemical) EthylEtherW/Ethanol,Acs DiethyletherGr Ether absolute Diethylether,anhydrous,ACS,99%min Diethylether,HPLCGrade,99%,stab.withethanol DIETHYL ETHER (ETHER) Ether, (Diethyl Ether), Ultra Low Water 1,1'-Oxybisethane Diethyl ether Diethyl ether, SpectrophotoMetric Grade, 99+%, inhibitor free Diethyl ether, anhydrous, ACS, 99% Min, stab. with BHT Diethyl ether, 99.5%, for analysis, stabilized with BHT, conforMs to Eur.Ph. Diethyl ether, technical, stabilized Diethyl ether, 99.5%, Extra Dry, stabilized, AcroSeal Diethyl ether, 99+%, ACS reagent, anhydrous, stabilized with BHT Diethyl ether, 99.5%, Extra Dry, stabilized, AcroSeal, package of 4x25ML bottles DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 2,5 L DIETHYL ETHER FOR ANALYSIS EMPARTA DIETHYL ETHER FOR ANALYSIS EMSURE DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 1 L DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 4 X 4 L DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 1 L DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 5 L DIETHYL ETHER FOR SPECTROSCOPY Uvasol DIETHYL ETHER DRIED (MAX. 0,0075% H2O) DIETHYLETHER SupraSolv 4 L DIETHYL ETHER EMPLURA 25 L Ether, Ethyl ether Aether, Ether, Ethyl ether Diethyl ether solution, Ethyl ether Ethyl Ether, Anhydrous, Reagent

Diethyl ether Properties

SAFETY

Risk and Safety Statements

Diethyl ether price More Price(53)

Diethyl ether Chemical Properties,Uses,Production

Description

Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties

Physical properties

History

Uses

Uses

Production Methods

Definition

General Description

Air & Water Reactions

Reactivity Profile

Hazard

Health Hazard

Fire Hazard

Flammability and Explosibility

Chemical Reactivity

Industrial uses

Potential Exposure

Environmental Fate

storage

Shipping

Incompatibilities

Waste Disposal

Diethyl ether Preparation Products And Raw materials

Raw materials

Preparation Products

Related articles

Diethyl ether Spectrum

60-29-7(Diethyl ether)Related Search: