Propylene glycol
- CAS No.
- 57-55-6
- Chemical Name:
- Propylene glycol
- Synonyms
- PG;1,2-PROPANEDIOL;MONO PROPYLENE GLYCOL;PROPANE-1,2-DIOL;1,2-PROPYLENE GLYCOL;propylenglycol;Propyledne glycol;Aliphatic alcohol;Propylene glycol 57-55-6;Propylene glycol usp
- CBNumber:
- CB8485612
- Molecular Formula:
- C3H8O2
- Molecular Weight:
- 76.09
- MOL File:
- 57-55-6.mol
- Modify Date:
- 2024/6/24 22:20:23
| Melting point | -60 °C (lit.) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 187 °C (lit.) |
| Density | 1.036 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| vapor density | 2.62 (vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 0.08 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index |
n |
| FEMA | 2940 | PROPYLENE GLYCOL |
| Flash point | 225 °F |
| storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
| solubility | Chloroform (Slightly), Ethyl Acetate (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) |
| pka | 14.49±0.20(Predicted) |
| form | Viscous Liquid |
| Specific Gravity | 1.038 (20/20℃)1.036～1.040 |
| color | APHA: ≤10 |
| PH | 6-8 (100g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| Odor | at 100.00 %. odorless very slight alcoholic |
| Odor Type | odorless |
| explosive limit | 2.4-17.4%(V) |
| Water Solubility | miscible |
| Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
| JECFA Number | 925 |
| Merck | 14,7855 |
| BRN | 1340498 |
| Dielectric constant | 32.0 |
| InChIKey | DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| LogP | -0.92 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 57-55-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Propylene glycol(57-55-6) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Propylene glycol (57-55-6) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |  GHS08 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H370-H372 | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P501-P260-P270-P264-P308+P311-P405 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 24/25 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 1 | |||||||||
| RTECS | TY2000000 | |||||||||
| Autoignition Temperature | 779 °F | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| HS Code | 29053200 | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in Rabbit: 19400 - 36000 mg/kg LD50 dermal Rabbit 20800 mg/kg | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Propylene glycol price More Price(45)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W294004 | Propylene glycol FCC, FG | 57-55-6 | 1SAMPLE-K | ₹4990.33 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W294004 | Propylene glycol FCC, FG | 57-55-6 | 1KG | ₹7772.35 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W294004 | Propylene glycol FCC, FG | 57-55-6 | 10KG | ₹26683.63 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | W294004 | Propylene glycol FCC, FG | 57-55-6 | 25KG | ₹34899.8 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | P4347 | Propylene Glycol meets USP testing specifications | 57-55-6 | 500ML | ₹32983.78 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Propylene glycol Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
Propylene glycol is used as antifreeze in breweries and diaries, in the manufacture of resins, as a solvent, and as an emulsifier in food. It was present as an occupational sensitizer in the color-film developer Flexicolor.
Chemical Properties
Propylene glycol is a colorless, odorless, syrupy liquid.
Occurrence
Reported found in several varieties of mushrooms, roasted sesame seed, oat groats, parmesan cheese, cocoa, pecans and truffle.
Uses
Next to water, propylene glycol is the most common moisturecarrying vehicle used in cosmetic formulations. It has better skin permeation than glycerin, and it also gives a pleasant feel with less greasiness than glycerin. Propylene glycol is used as a humectant because it absorbs water from the air. It also serves as a solvent for anti-oxidants and preservatives. In addition, it has preservative properties against bacteria and fungi when used in concentrations of 16 percent or higher. There is a concern that propylene glycol is an irritant at high concentrations, though it appears to be quite safe at usage levels under 5 percent.
Indications
Propylene glycol solution (40% to 60%, v/vCH2CH[OH]CH2OH, propylene glycol) applied to the skin under plastic occlusion hydrates the skin and causes desquamation of scales. Propylene glycol, isotonic in 2% concentration, is a widely used vehicle in dermatologic preparations. Hydroalcoholic gels containing propylene glycol or other substances augment the keratolytic action of salicylic acid. Keralyt gel consists of 6% salicylic acid, 19.4% alcohol, hydroxypropylcellulose, propylene glycol, and water and is an extremely effective keratolytic agent. Overnight occlusion is used nightly until improvement is evident, at which time the frequency of therapy can be decreased to every third night or once weekly. This therapy is well tolerated, is usually nonirritating, and has been most successful in patients with X-linked ichthyosis vulgaris. Burning and stinging may occur when applied to damaged skin. Patients with other abnormalities of keratinization with hyperkeratosis, scaling, and dryness may also benefit.
Production Methods
Propylene glycol generally is synthesized commercially by starting with propylene, converting to the chlorohydrin, and hydrolyzing to propylene oxide, which is then hydrolyzed to propylene glycol. It can also be prepared by other methods.
Preparation
Manufactured by treating propylene with chlorinated water to form the chlorohydrin, which is converted to the glycol by treatment with sodium carbonate solution. It is also prepared by heating glycerol with sodium hydroxide.
Definition
An alcohol in which the hydroxyl groups are attached to a carbon atom of a branched or straight-chain aliphatic hydrocarbon.
General Description
Thick odorless colorless liquid. Mixes with water.
Air & Water Reactions
Water soluble.
Reactivity Profile
1,2-Propanediol is hygroscopic. 1,2-Propanediol is sensitive to excessive heat (tends to oxidize at high temperatures). 1,2-Propanediol can react with oxidizing materials. 1,2-Propanediol is incompatible with acid chlorides, acid anhydrides, chloroformates, and reducing agents. 1,2-Propanediol dissolves many essential oils. A mixture of 1,2-Propanediol with hydrofluoric acid and silver nitrate was put in a glass bottle which burst 30 minutes later.
Hazard
Toxic.
Health Hazard
Liquid may irritate eyes.
Fire Hazard
1,2-Propanediol is combustible.
Contact allergens
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent, a vehicle for topical medicaments such as corticosteroids or aciclovir, an emulsifier and humectant in food and cosmetics, and as antifreeze in breweries, in the manufactures of resins. It was present as an occupational sensitizer in the color film developer Flexicolor?. Patch tests in aqua are sometimes irritant.
Safety Profile
Slightly toxic by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, intravenous, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: general anesthesia, convulsions, changes in surface EEG. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. An eye and human skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Combustible liquid when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. May react with hydrofluoric acid + nitric acid + silver nitrate to form the explosive silver fulminate. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Potential Exposure
Propylene glycol is used as a solvent; emulsifying agent; food and feed additive; flavor, in manu- facture of plastics; as a plasticizer, surface-active agent; antifreeze, solvent, disinfectant, hydroscopic agent; coolant in refrigeration systems; pharmaceutical, brake fluid; and many others.
Carcinogenicity
Dewhurst et al. and
Baldwin et al. in studies on the carcinogenicity of
other chemicals used propylene glycol as the solvent. As a
result they tested propylene glycol alone for carcinogenic
activity in rats and mice. Dewhurst et al. used a single
injection of 0.2 mL, whereas Baldwin et al. gave rats
and mice three to five subcutaneous injections, amount not
specified. In neither case were tumors observed during a
period of about a year or 2 years .
Wallenious and Lecholm applied propylene glycol
to the skin of rats three times a week for 14 months but found
no tumor formation. Stenback and Shubik confirmed
these findings when they applied propylene glycol at undiluted
strength and as a 50 and 10% solution in acetone to the
skin of mice during their lifetimes.
No tumors have been reported in the lifetime dietary
feeding studies . In fact, Gaunt et al.
specifically state that no tumors were found in the rats.
Environmental Fate
Propylene glycol can be released into the environment via industrial releases or by disposal of consumer products. Propylene glycol is readily soluble in water and has a low sorption partition coefficient (KOC), so has the ability to move through soil and to leach into ground water. Because of low vapor pressure (0.1 mmHg at 25°C) and high water solubility, there is minimal volatilization to the atmosphere from surface water releases as well as substantial removal of its vapors by wet deposition. Its low octanol/water partition coefficient (KOW) indicates that bioconcentration and biomagnification should not happen. Propylene glycol is readily degraded in surface water and soil, by chemical oxidation and microbial digestion, with a short half-life (1–5 days) in aerobic or anaerobic conditions. It is also rapidly degraded in the atmosphere by photochemical oxidation, with a half-life about 1 day. Although environmental releases can and do occur (airports must monitor storm water runoff of deicing solutions), human health effects are likely to be minor, at least in comparison to effects from potential exposures in clinical scenarios.
Purification Methods
Dry the diol with Na2SO4, decant and distil it under reduced pressure. [Beilstein 1 IV 2468.]
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explo- sions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong acids (especially nitric acid), strong bases, permanganates, dichromates; may cause a violent reaction.
Waste Disposal
Dissolve or mix the material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must be observed.
Propylene glycol Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
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chevron_right| Supplier | Tel | Country | ProdList | Advantage | Inquiry |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLR Innovations | +91 9891111994 | New Delhi, India | 4542 | 58 | Inquiry |
| CLEARSYNTH LABS LTD. | +91-22-45045900 | Mumbai, India | 66 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Sudarshan Pharma Industries Limited | +91-2242221111 +91-9320932107 | Maharashtra, India | 37 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Atul Intermediates | +91-7940399111 +91-9825071644 | Gujarat, India | 24 | 58 | Inquiry |
| SHIVAM INDUSTRIES | +91-9820823043 +91-9820823043 | Mumbai, India | 30 | 58 | Inquiry |
| oswal chemicals | +91-9173644055 +91-9173644055 | Gujarat, India | 66 | 58 | Inquiry |
| AARTIA KEM SCIENCE | +91-8291072530 +91-8291072530 | Maharashtra, India | 70 | 58 | Inquiry |
| PAARICHEM RESOURCES LLP | +91-8104961021 +91-8104961021 | Maharashtra, India | 82 | 58 | Inquiry |
| JSK Chemicals | +919879767970 | Gujarat, India | 3756 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Ultra Chemical Works | +91-9820078105 +91-9820078105 | Mumbai, India | 124 | 58 | Inquiry |
| Supplier | Advantage |
|---|---|
| GLR Innovations | 58 |
| CLEARSYNTH LABS LTD. | 58 |
| Sudarshan Pharma Industries Limited | 58 |
| Atul Intermediates | 58 |
| SHIVAM INDUSTRIES | 58 |
| oswal chemicals | 58 |
| AARTIA KEM SCIENCE | 58 |
| PAARICHEM RESOURCES LLP | 58 |
| JSK Chemicals | 58 |
| Ultra Chemical Works | 58 |
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