Methylamine
- CAS No.
- 74-89-5
- Chemical Name:
- Methylamine
- Synonyms
- Methanamine;CH3NH2;MONOMETHYLAMINE;AMINOMETHANE;methylamine solution;Monomethylamin;Aqueous METHYLAMINE;METHYLAMINE METHANOL;Methylamine water solution;Methylamine, 2M solution in THF, pure
- CBNumber:
- CB4387750
- Molecular Formula:
- CH5N
- Molecular Weight:
- 31.06
- MOL File:
- 74-89-5.mol
- Modify Date:
- 2024/4/28 13:35:55
| Melting point | -93 °C(lit.) |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | -6.3 °C(lit.) |
| Density | 0.785 g/mL at 25 °C |
| vapor density | 1.08 (20 °C, vs air) |
| vapor pressure | 27 psi ( 20 °C) |
| refractive index |
n |
| Flash point | 61 °F |
| storage temp. | Store below +30°C. |
| solubility | highly soluble in water (108g/100g) at 25°C; soluble in alcohol and miscible with ether; HCl salt is soluble in water and absolute alcohol; compound is insoluble in chloroform, acetone, ether, and ethyl acetate |
| pka | 10.63(at 25℃) |
| form | Gas |
| Specific Gravity | 0.901 (20℃/4℃) (40% Soln.) |
| PH | 14 (H2O, 20°C) |
| Odor Threshold | 0.035ppm |
| explosive limit | 4.9-20.8% |
| Water Solubility | Miscible with water, ethanol, benzene, acetone and ether. |
| Merck | 14,6014 |
| BRN | 741851 |
| Henry's Law Constant | (x 10-5 atm?m3/mol): 1.11 at 25 °C (Christie and Crisp, 1967) |
| Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 10 ppm (～12.3 mg/m3)(ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); IDLH 100 ppm (NIOSH). |
| Dielectric constant | 10.0（18℃） |
| Stability | Stable. Highly flammable. Note wide explosion limits. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, acids, alkalies, alkaline earth metals, copper and its alloys, zinc and its alloys. |
| LogP | -0.570 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 74-89-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Methylamine (74-89-5) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |    GHS02,GHS05,GHS07 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H225-H314-H335 | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P210-P233-P240-P280-P303+P361+P353-P305+P351+P338 | |||||||||
| Hazard Codes | F+,Xn,C,F,T | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 12-20-37/38-41-34-20/22-11-39/23/24/25-36/37/38-23/24/25-40-19 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 7-16-26-36/37-45-29-36/37/39-3/7-3-39-33 | |||||||||
| OEB | A | |||||||||
| OEL | TWA: 10 ppm (12 mg/m3) | |||||||||
| RIDADR | UN 3286 3/PG 2 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 2 | |||||||||
| RTECS | PF6300000 | |||||||||
| F | 4.5-31 | |||||||||
| Autoignition Temperature | 806 °F | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| DOT Classification | 2.1 (Flammable gas) | |||||||||
| HazardClass | 3 | |||||||||
| PackingGroup | II | |||||||||
| HS Code | 29211100 | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 100-200 mg/kg (Kinney); LC50 in rats: 0.448 ml/l (Sarkar, Sastry) | |||||||||
| IDLA | 100 ppm | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Methylamine price More Price(12)
| Manufacturer | Product number | Product description | CAS number | Packaging | Price | Updated | Buy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 8.22091 | Methylamine (40% solution in water) for synthesis | 74-89-5 | 2.5L | ₹5399.99 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 8.22091 | Methylamine (40% solution in water) for synthesis | 74-89-5 | 1L | ₹6110 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 534102 | Methylamine solution 33?wt. % in absolute ethanol ((denatured with 1% toluene)) | 74-89-5 | 250ML | ₹1862 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 65572 | Methylamine purum, ≥99.0% | 74-89-5 | 1.1KG | ₹69225.88 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
| Sigma-Aldrich(India) | 534102 | Methylamine solution 33?wt. % in absolute ethanol ((denatured with 1% toluene)) | 74-89-5 | 1L | ₹5128.2 | 2022-06-14 | Buy |
Methylamine Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Chemical Properties
Methylamine is a colorless, fi sh-like smelling gas at room temperature. It is used in a variety of industries, such as the manufacture of dyestuffs, treatment of cellulose, acetate rayon, as a fuel additive, rocket propellant, and in leather tanning processes.
Physical properties
Colorless, flammable gas with a strong ammonia-like odor. An experimentally determined recognition odor threshold concentration of 21 ppbv was reported by Leonardos et al. (1969). Odor threshold concentrations of 4.7 ppmv and 35 ppbv were experimentally determined by Nishida et al. (1979) and Nagata and Takeuchi (1990), respectively.
Uses
Methylamine is used in dyeing and tanning;in photographic developer, as a fuel additive,and as a rocket propellant. It is also usedin organic synthesis and as a polymerizationinhibitor. It occurs in certain plants, such asMentha aquatica.
Production Methods
Several methods are currently used for synthesis of methylamine. Virtually all produce a mixture of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines which can be continuously separated by distillation and extraction. The most commonly used synthesis involves heating ammonium chloride and methyl alcohol (ratio varies from 2:1 to 6:1, depending on desired ratio of amines) to about 300°C in the presence of a catalyst such as zinc chloride. Alternatively, methylamine can be synthesized by heating ammonium chloride and formaldehyde in the presence of H2 and a hydrogenation catalyst such as nickel or platinum. Methylamine is generally marketed as a liquid or a 33% aqueous solution (HSDB 1988).
Definition
ChEBI: The simplest of the methylamines, consisting of ammonia bearing a single methyl substituent.
General Description
A colorless gas or a liquid. Pungent fishy odor resembling odor of ammonia. The liquid boils at 20.3°F hence vaporizes rapidly when unconfined. Vapors are heavier than air and may collect in low-lying areas. Easily ignited under most conditions. Under prolonged exposure to intense heat the containers may rupture violently and rocket. Used for making pharmaceuticals, insecticides, paint removers, surfactants, rubber chemicals.
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Very soluble in water; the solutions are strongly basic and therefore corrosive. Liquid fumes in air.
Reactivity Profile
METHYLAMINE neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
Hazard
(Gas and liquid) Dangerous fire risk. Explosive limits in air 5–21%. Strong irritant to tissue. Eye, skin and upper respiratory tract irritant.
Health Hazard
Exposures to methylamine are known to cause adverse health effects among occupational workers. The workers demonstrate symptoms of toxicity that include, but are not limited to, irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. Studies have indicated that the compound causes injury to the eyes through corneal opacities and edema hemorrhages in the conjunctiva, and injury to the liver. Studies of Guest and Varma indicated no signifi cant deleterious effects on the internal organs or skeletal deformities in experimental mice
Fire Hazard
FLAMMABLE. POISONOUS GASES MAY BE PRODUCED IN FIRE. Containers may explode in fire. Flashback along vapor trail may occur. Vapor may explode if ignited in an enclosed area. Toxic nitrogen oxides may be formed. Vapors are heavier than air and may travel considerable distance to a source of ignition and flash back.
Industrial uses
Methylamine and its hydrochloride salt are widely used in organic synthesis for introducing the methylamino group. In 1976, industrial consumption was 32,000 tons/year. One of its most important uses is in the preparation of amide-type surfactants. It is also used in the preparation of drugs such as adrenaline and synthetic caffeine. It serves as the base for more than twenty commercial products, among those included are photographic developers, insecticides, and antihistamine drugs (Beard and Noe 1981). It is also widely used in tanning and has been used in the separation of aromatics from aliphatic hydrocarbons (Sittig 1981).
Safety Profile
Poison by subcutaneous route. Moderately toxic by inhalation. A severe skin irritant. Mutation data reported. A strong base. Flammable gas at ordinary temperature and pressure. Very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or sparks. Explosive when exposed to heat or flame. To fight fire, stop flow of gas. Forms an explosive mixture with nitromethane. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also AMINES.
Potential Exposure
Methylamine is used in organic synthesis; a starting material for N-oleyltaurine, a surfactant; and p-N-methylaminophenol sulfate, a photographic developer. It has possible uses in solvent extraction systems in separation of aromatics from aliphatic hydrocarbons. It is also used in the synthesis of many different pharmaceuticals; pesticides and rubber chemicals.
Carcinogenicity
Methylamine was positive in the mouse lymphoma assay and negative in the Ames assay.
Environmental Fate
Photolytic. The rate constant for the reaction of methylamine and OH radicals in the atmosphere
at 300 K is 1.3 x 10-13 cm3/molecule?sec (Hendry and Kenley, 1979).
Low et al. (1991) reported that the photooxidation of aqueous primary amine solutions by UV
light in the presence of titanium dioxide resulted in the formation of ammonium and nitrate ions.
Chemical/Physical. In an aqueous solution, chloramine reacted with methylamine to form Nchloromethylamine
(Isaac and Morris, 1983).
Reacts with acids forming water-soluble salts.
storage
Methylamine is stored in a cool, well-ventilated noncombustible area separatedfrom possible sources of ignition andoxidizing substances and mercury. Itssolutions are stored in a flammable liquidstorage room or cabinet. The gas is shippedin steel cylinders or tank cars; the liquid isshipped in steel drums or tank cars.
Shipping
UN1061 Methylamine, anhydrous, Hazard Class: 2.1; Labels: 2.1-Flammable gas. UN1235 Methylamine, aqueous solution, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 8-Corrosive material. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.
Purification Methods
Dry the amine with sodium or BaO. It is commercially available in metal cylinders. [Beilstein 4 IV 118.]
Incompatibilities
A medium-strong base. Reacts violently with strong acids; mercury, strong oxidizers; nitromethane. Corrosive to copper, zinc alloys; aluminum, and galvanized surfaces.
Waste Disposal
Return refillable compressed gas cylinders to supplier. Controlled incineration (incinerator equipped with a scrubber or thermal unit to reduce nitrogen oxides emissions).
Methylamine Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
Preparation Products
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