Phenobarbital
- CAS No.
- 50-06-6
- Chemical Name:
- Phenobarbital
- Synonyms
- PHENOLBARBITAL;Phenobarbitone;Fenobarbital;PHENOBARBITAL (2-METHYLBUTYL-3,3,4,4-D5, 98%);Phob;Lumen;LUMINAL;PHENOBARBITAL (5-ETHYL-D5, 98%);6(1h,3h,5h)-pyrimidinetrione,5-ethyl-5-phenyl-4;2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Pyrimidinetrione, 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-
- CBNumber:
- CB8450779
- Molecular Formula:
- C12H12N2O3
- Molecular Weight:
- 232.24
- MOL File:
- 50-06-6.mol
- Modify Date:
- 2023/6/8 9:02:48
| Melting point | 174°C |
|---|---|
| Boiling point | 374.4°C (rough estimate) |
| Density | 1.2243 (rough estimate) |
| refractive index | 1.6660 (estimate) |
| Flash point | 11 °C |
| storage temp. | 2-8°C |
| solubility | Very slightly soluble in water, freely soluble in ethanol (96 per cent). It forms water-soluble compounds with alkali hydroxides, carbonates and ammonia. |
| form | Solid |
| pka | 7.3, 11.8(at 25℃) |
| color | White to Off-White |
| Water Solubility | <0.01 g/100 mL at 14 ºC |
| Merck | 13,7319 |
| BCS Class | 1 |
| Stability | Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 50-06-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| IARC | 2B (Vol. Sup 7, 79) 2001 |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | Barbituric acid, 5-ethyl-5-phenyl-,(50-06-6) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | Phenobarbital (50-06-6) |
SAFETY
Risk and Safety Statements
| Symbol(GHS) |   GHS08,GHS06 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal word | Danger | |||||||||
| Hazard statements | H317-H351-H301+H311+H331 | |||||||||
| Precautionary statements | P261-P272-P280-P302+P352-P333+P313-P321-P363-P501-P201-P202-P281-P308+P313-P405-P501 | |||||||||
| Hazard Codes | T,F | |||||||||
| Risk Statements | 61-25-40-43-39/23/24/25-23/24/25-11 | |||||||||
| Safety Statements | 53-36/37-45-16 | |||||||||
| RIDADR | UN 2811 6.1/PG 3 | |||||||||
| WGK Germany | 3 | |||||||||
| RTECS | CQ6825000 | |||||||||
| HazardClass | 6.1(b) | |||||||||
| PackingGroup | III | |||||||||
| HS Code | 2933530000 | |||||||||
| Toxicity | LD50 orally in rats: 162 ±14 mg/kg (Goldenthal) | |||||||||
| NFPA 704 |
|
Phenobarbital Chemical Properties,Uses,Production
Description
Phenobarbital (Item No. 9001494) is an analytical reference material categorized as a barbiturate. Phenobarbital is regulated as a Schedule IV compound in the United States. This product is intended for research and forensic applications.
Chemical Properties
Crystalline Solid
Uses
Phenobarbital exhibits relaxant, soporific, and anticonvulsant activities. It is widely used in treating epilepsy, chorea, and spastic paralysis, and is used as a component of a large number of combined drugs, valocordin and corvalol in particular.
Indications
Phenobarbital can reduce cholestatic pruritus, possibly by enhancing hepatic microsomal function. Phenobarbital is sedating and may interfere with the metabolism of many drugs.
Definition
ChEBI: A member of the class of barbiturates, the structure of which is that of barbituric acid substituted at C-5 by ethyl and phenyl groups.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Phenobarbital is a long-acting barbiturate which is controlled under Schedule IV of the 1971 Convention on Psychotropic Substances. Phenobarbital is of value in the treatment of epilepsy and preparations for such use are included in the WHO Model List of Essential Drugs. See also WHO comment for barbiturates. (Reference: (UNCPS4) United Nations Convention on Psychotropic Substances (IV), , , 1971)
General Description
Phenobarbital, 5-ethyl-5-phenylbarbituricacid (Luminal), is a long-acting sedative and hypnotic.It is also a valuable anticonvulsant, especially in generalizedtonic–clonic and partial seizures (see the discussionon anticonvulsants). Metabolism to the p-hydroxylphenylcompound followed by glucuronidation accounts for about90% of a dose.
Air & Water Reactions
Sensitive to hydrolysis. Alkaline solutions react more rapidly than acidic solutions. At pH 7 and 176°F, has a half life of 74 hours. Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Phenobarbital is also sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Forms a complex of reduced solubility with macrogol 4000. Able to form metal derivatives .
Fire Hazard
Phenobarbital is combustible.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic, neoplastigenic, tumorigenic, and teratogenic data. A human poison by ingestion. An experimental poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, intravenous, and rectal routes. Human systemic effects by ingestion: somnolence, motor activity changes, pulmonary changes, allergc dermatitis, and fever. Human reproductive effects by ingestion: drug dependence and other postnatal measures or effects. Human teratogenic effects include developmental abnormalities of the central nervous system, body wall, musculoskeletal, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Used as a drug in the treatment of epilepsy, and as a hypnotic and sedative. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx.See also BARBITURATES.
Phenobarbital Preparation Products And Raw materials
Raw materials
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